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We investigate properties which ensure that a given finite graph is the commuting graph of a group or semigroup. We show that all graphs on at least two vertices such that no vertex is adjacent to all other vertices is the commuting graph…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-18 Michael Giudici , Bojan Kuzma

The aim of this paper is to study commuting graphs of completely $0$-simple semigroups, using the characterization of these semigroups as $0$-Rees matrix semigroups over a groups. We establish a method to decide whether the commuting graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Tânia Paulista

The aim of this paper is to see how commuting graphs interact with two semigroup constructions: the zero-union and the direct product. For both semigroup constructions, we investigate the diameter, clique number, girth, chromatic number and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Tânia Paulista

In this paper, we study commutative zero-divisor semigroups determined by graphs. We prove a uniqueness theorem for a class of graphs. We show two classes of graphs that have no corresponding semigroups. In particular, any complete graph…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tongsuo Wu , Li Chen

We describe the commuting graph of a Rees matrix semigroup over a group and investigate its properties: diameter, clique number, girth, chromatic number and knit degree. The maximum size of a commutative subsemigroup of a Rees matrix…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Tânia Paulista

The general ideal of this paper is to answer the following question: given a numerical property of commuting graphs, a class of semigroups $\mathcal{C}$ and $n\in\mathbb{N}$, is it possible to find a semigroup in $\mathcal{C}$ such that the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Tânia Paulista

The commuting graph of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the elements of $G$, two distinct vertices joined if they commute. Our purpose in this paper is twofold: we discuss the computational problem of deciding whether a given…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 V. Arvind , Xuanlong Ma , Peter J. Cameron , Natalia V. Maslova

The commuting graph of a finite non-commutative semigroup $S$, denoted $\cg(S)$, is a simple graph whose vertices are the non-central elements of $S$ and two distinct vertices $x,y$ are adjacent if $xy=yx$. Let $\mi(X)$ be the symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-09 João Araújo , Wolfram Bentz , Janusz Konieczny

The commuting graph of a group $G$ is the simple undirected graph whose vertices are the non-central elements of $G$ and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if they commute. It is conjectured by Jafarzadeh and Iranmanesh that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-20 Michael Giudici , Aedan Pope

Let $X$ be a finite set. We determine the diameter of the commuting graph of the partial transformation semigroup $\mathcal{P}(X)$ on $X$ and show that it coincides with the diameter of the commuting graph of the transformation semigroup…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Tânia Paulista

We study geometric presentations of braid groups for particles that are constrained to move on a graph, i.e. a network consisting of nodes and edges. Our proposed set of generators consists of exchanges of pairs of particles on junctions of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Byung Hee An , Tomasz Maciazek

We calculate the diameters of commuting graphs of matrices over the binary Boolean semiring, the tropical semiring and an arbitrary nonentire commutative semiring. We also find the lower bound for the diameter of the commuting graph of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-08-10 David Dolžan , Damjana Kokol Bukovšek , Polona Oblak

Let $G$ be a $p$-group. We begin to consider the relationship between the structure of the commuting graph and $|G:Z(G)|$. We also build a family of groups whose commuting graphs have more than one connected component whose diameter is at…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Mark L. Lewis , Ryan McCulloch

Let $G$ be a group and $Z(G)$ be its center. We associate a commuting graph ${\Gamma}(G)$, whose vertex set is $G\setminus Z(G)$ and two distinct vertices are adjacent if they commute. We say that ${\Gamma}(G)$ is strong $k$ star free if…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-12 Sushil Bhunia , G. Arunkumar

In this paper, we consider various graphs, namely: power graph, cyclic graph, enhanced power graph and commuting graph, on a finite semigroup $S$. For an arbitrary pair of these four graphs, we classify finite semigroups such that the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-23 Sandeep Dalal , Jitender Kumar

We give a general construction leading to different non-isomorphic families $\Gamma_{n,q}(\K)$ of connected $q$-regular semisymmetric graphs of order $2q^{n+1}$ embedded in $\PG(n+1,q)$, for a prime power $q=p^h$, using the linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-10 Philippe Cara , Sara Rottey , Geertrui Van de Voorde

In this paper, we are motivated by two conjectures proposed by C. Bender et al.\ in 2024, which have remained open questions. The first conjecture states that if the complemented zero-divisor graph \( G(S) \) of a commutative semigroup \( S…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Anagha Khiste , Ganesh Tarte , Vinayak Joshi

An orientation of a graph is semi-transitive if it contains no directed cycles and has no shortcuts. An undirected graph is semi-transitive if it can be oriented in a semi-transitive manner. The class of semi-transitive graphs includes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Sergey Kitaev , Artem Pyatkin

Let $G$ be a group such that $G/Z(G)$ is finite and simple. The non-commuting, non-generating graph $\Xi(G)$ of $G$ has vertex set $G \setminus Z(G)$, with edges corresponding to pairs of elements that do not commute and do not generate…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Saul D. Freedman

Let $S$ be a finite non-commutative semigroup. The commuting graph of $S$, denoted $\cg(S)$, is the graph whose vertices are the non-central elements of $S$ and whose edges are the sets $\{a,b\}$ of vertices such that $a\ne b$ and $ab=ba$.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-19 Joao Araujo , Michael Kinyon , Janusz Konieczny
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