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Dropout is a widely utilized regularization technique in the training of neural networks, nevertheless, its underlying mechanism and its impact on achieving good generalization abilities remain poorly understood. In this work, we derive the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Zhongwang Zhang , Yuqing Li , Tao Luo , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Large neural networks are often overparameterised and prone to overfitting, Dropout is a widely used regularization technique to combat overfitting and improve model generalization. However, unstructured Dropout is not always effective for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Yiren Zhao , Oluwatomisin Dada , Xitong Gao , Robert D Mullins

Successful application processing sequential data, such as text and speech, requires an improved generalization performance of recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Dropout techniques for RNNs were introduced to respond to these demands, but we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Sungrae Park , Kyungwoo Song , Mingi Ji , Wonsung Lee , Il-Chul Moon

We give a formal and complete characterization of the explicit regularizer induced by dropout in deep linear networks with squared loss. We show that (a) the explicit regularizer is composed of an $\ell_2$-path regularizer and other terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Poorya Mianjy , Raman Arora

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are important class of architectures among neural networks useful for language modeling and sequential prediction. However, optimizing RNNs is known to be harder compared to feed-forward neural networks. A…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-29 Konrad Zolna , Devansh Arpit , Dendi Suhubdy , Yoshua Bengio

The recently introduced dropout training criterion for neural networks has been the subject of much attention due to its simplicity and remarkable effectiveness as a regularizer, as well as its interpretation as a training procedure for an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-03 David Warde-Farley , Ian J. Goodfellow , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Monte Carlo dropout may effectively capture model uncertainty in deep learning, where a measure of uncertainty is obtained by using multiple instances of dropout at test time. However, Monte Carlo dropout is applied across the whole network…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-03 Liangping Ma , John Kaewell

Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN) have recently emerged in the Deep Learning world for dealing with uncertainty estimation in classification tasks, and are used in many application domains such as astrophysics, autonomous driving...BNN assume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Claire Theobald , Frédéric Pennerath , Brieuc Conan-Guez , Miguel Couceiro , Amedeo Napoli

We show that dropout training is best understood as performing MAP estimation concurrently for a family of conditional models whose objectives are themselves lower bounded by the original dropout objective. This discovery allows us to pick…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-28 Gábor Melis , Charles Blundell , Tomáš Kočiský , Karl Moritz Hermann , Chris Dyer , Phil Blunsom

It is important to understand how dropout, a popular regularization method, aids in achieving a good generalization solution during neural network training. In this work, we present a theoretical derivation of an implicit regularization of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zhongwang Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

It is important to understand how the popular regularization method dropout helps the neural network training find a good generalization solution. In this work, we show that the training with dropout finds the neural network with a flatter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Zhongwang Zhang , Hanxu Zhou , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Addressing the interpretability problem of NMF on Boolean data, Boolean Matrix Factorization (BMF) uses Boolean algebra to decompose the input into low-rank Boolean factor matrices. These matrices are highly interpretable and very useful in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Sebastian Dalleiger , Jilles Vreeken

Dropout methods are a family of stochastic techniques used in neural network training or inference that have generated significant research interest and are widely used in practice. They have been successfully applied in neural network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Alex Labach , Hojjat Salehinejad , Shahrokh Valaee

Low rank matrix factorization is a fundamental building block in machine learning, used for instance to summarize gene expression profile data or word-document counts. To be robust to outliers and differences in scale across features, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Marco Cuturi , Olivier Teboul , Jonathan Niles-Weed , Jean-Philippe Vert

Multi-layer neural networks have lead to remarkable performance on many kinds of benchmark tasks in text, speech and image processing. Nonlinear parameter estimation in hierarchical models is known to be subject to overfitting and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Noah Frazier-Logue , Stephen José Hanson

Dropout is one of the most popular regularization techniques in neural network training. Because of its power and simplicity of idea, dropout has been analyzed extensively and many variants have been proposed. In this paper, several…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-23 Masanari Kimura , Hideitsu Hino

Rank regularized minimization problem is an ideal model for the low-rank matrix completion/recovery problem. The matrix factorization approach can transform the high-dimensional rank regularized problem to a low-dimensional factorized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Wenjing Li , Wei Bian , Kim-Chuan Toh

Dropout has been witnessed with great success in training deep neural networks by independently zeroing out the outputs of neurons at random. It has also received a surge of interest for shallow learning, e.g., logistic regression. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Zhe Li , Boqing Gong , Tianbao Yang

Deep neural networks often consist of a great number of trainable parameters for extracting powerful features from given datasets. On one hand, massive trainable parameters significantly enhance the performance of these deep networks. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang , Yixing Xu , Boxin Shi , Chao Xu , Chunjing Xu , Chang Xu

Dropout Regularization, serving to reduce variance, is nearly ubiquitous in Deep Learning models. We explore the relationship between the dropout rate and model complexity by training 2,000 neural networks configured with random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Christopher Sun , Jai Sharma , Milind Maiti