Related papers: Pure Operation-Based Replicated Data Types
General solutions of state machine replication have to ensure that all replicas apply the same commands in the same order, even in the presence of failures. Such strict ordering incurs high synchronization costs caused by distributed…
Many applications model their data in a general-purpose storage format such as JSON. This data structure is modified by the application as a result of user input. Such modifications are well understood if performed sequentially on a single…
To ensure high availability in large scale distributed systems, Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) relax consistency by allowing immediate query and update operations at the local replica, with no need for remote synchronization.…
Replicated data types (RDTs) are data structures that permit concurrent modification of multiple, potentially geo-distributed, replicas without coordination between them. RDTs are designed in such a way that conflicting operations are…
A CRDT is a data type whose operations commute when they are concurrent. Replicas of a CRDT eventually converge without any complex concurrency control. As an existence proof, we exhibit a non-trivial CRDT: a shared edit buffer called…
Trees are fundamental data structure for many areas of computer science and system engineering. In this report, we show how to ensure eventual consistency of optimistically replicated trees. In optimistic replication, the different replicas…
Distributed systems address the increasing demand for fast access to resources and fault tolerance for data. However, due to scalability requirements, software developers need to trade consistency for performance. For certain data,…
Distributed systems adopt weak consistency to ensure high availability and low latency, but state convergence is hard to guarantee due to conflicts. Experts carefully design replicated data types (RDTs) that resemble sequential data types…
Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) allow collaborative access to an app's data. We describe a novel CRDT operation, for-each on the list of CRDTs, and demonstrate its use in collaborative apps. Our for-each operation applies a…
Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) for JSON allow users to concurrently update a JSON document and automatically merge the updates into a consistent state. Moving a subtree in a map or reordering elements in a list within a JSON…
Distributed storage systems employ replication to improve performance and reliability. To provide low latency data access, replicas are often required to accept updates without coordination with each other, and the updates are then…
Internet-scale distributed systems often replicate data at multiple geographic locations to provide low latency and high availability. The Conflict-free Replicated Data Type (CRDT) is a framework that provides a principled approach to…
Conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs) are a promising tool for designing scalable, coordination-free distributed systems. However, constructing correct CRDTs is difficult, posing a challenge for even seasoned developers. As a result,…
We introduce Conflict-Aware Replicated Data Types (CARDs). CARDs are significantly more expressive than Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) as they support operations that can conflict with each other. Introducing conflicting…
By the CAP Theorem, a distributed data storage system can ensure either Consistency under Partition (CP) or Availability under Partition (AP), but not both. This has led to a split between CP databases, in which updates are synchronous, and…
State-based Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) are widely used in distributed systems to ensure high availability without coordination. However, their naive synchronization strategy - transmitting the full state - incurs high…
OT (Operational Transformation) was invented for supporting real-time co-editors in the late 1980s and has evolved to become core techniques widely used in today's working co-editors and adopted in industrial products. CRDT (Commutative…
Digital collaboration systems support asynchronous work over replicated data, where conflicts arise when concurrent operations cannot be unambiguously integrated into a shared history. While Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs)…
OT (Operational Transformation) was invented for supporting real-time co-editors in the late 1980s and has evolved to become a core technique used in today's working co-editors and adopted in major industrial products. CRDT (Commutative…
The need for real-time collaborative solutions in model-driven engineering has been increasing over the past years. Conflict-free replicated data types (CRDT) provide scalable and robust replication mechanisms that align well with the…