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We investigate the hypercube networks that their nodes are considered as quantum harmonic oscillators. The entanglement of the ground state can be used to quantify the amount of information each part of a network shares with the rest of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-04 M. A. Jafarizadeh , F. Eghbalifam , S. Nami

The exact contraction of a generic two-dimensional (2D) tensor network state (TNS) is known to be exponentially hard, making simulation of 2D systems difficult. The recently introduced class of isometric TNS (isoTNS) represents a subset of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-06-13 Yantao Wu , Sajant Anand , Sheng-Hsuan Lin , Frank Pollmann , Michael P. Zaletel

Tensor-Network (TN) states are efficient parametric representations of ground states of local quantum Hamiltonians extensively used in numerical simulations. Here we encode a TN ansatz state directly into a quantum simulator, which can…

In this work, we generalize several three-dimensional Z2 stabilizer models--including the X-cube model, the three-dimensional toric code, and Haah's code--to their ZN counterparts. Under periodic boundary conditions, we analyze their ground…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-10-20 Chanbeen Lee , Yaozong Hu , Gil Young Cho , Haruki Watanabe

Quantum entanglement is a particularly useful characterization of topological orders which lack conventional order parameters. In this work, we study the entanglement in topologically ordered states between two arbitrary spatial regions,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-08-01 Chao Yin , Shang Liu

We study the entanglement entropy of gapped phases of matter in three spatial dimensions. We focus in particular on size-independent contributions to the entropy across entanglement surfaces of arbitrary topologies. We show that for low…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-05-11 Yunqin Zheng , Huan He , Barry Bradlyn , Jennifer Cano , Titus Neupert , B. Andrei Bernevig

Tensor networks (TNs) have become one of the most essential building blocks for various fields of theoretical physics such as condensed matter theory, statistical mechanics, quantum information, and quantum gravity. This review provides a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-10 Kouichi Okunishi , Tomotoshi Nishino , Hiroshi Ueda

We study the complexity of approximately contracting translation-invariant tensor networks. The computational cost of row-by-row tensor network contraction, which defines a discrete time evolution governed by a fixed transfer matrix, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Yi-Cheng Wang , Samuel J. Garratt , Ehud Altman

Tensor Network States (TNS) offer an efficient representation for the ground state of quantum many body systems and play an important role in the simulations of them. Numerous TNS are proposed in the past few decades. However, due to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-28 Xiangjian Qian , Mingpu Qin

In magnetically ordered systems the breaking of SU(2) symmetry in the thermodynamic limit is associated with the appearance of a special type of low-lying excitations in finite size energy spectra, the so called tower of states (TOS). In…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-12-24 F. Kolley , S. Depenbrock , I. P. McCulloch , U. Schollwöck , V. Alba

We study the ground state properties of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model at half-filling from the perspective of its particle reduced density matrix. We focus on the reduced density matrix of $2$ fermions and perform an analysis…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-04-11 Diego L. B. Ferreira , Thiago O. Maciel , Reinaldo O. Vianna , Fernando Iemini

Tensor network states (TNS) are a powerful approach for the study of strongly correlated quantum matter. The curse of dimensionality is addressed by parametrizing the many-body state in terms of a network of partially contracted tensors.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-03 Thomas Barthel , Jianfeng Lu , Gero Friesecke

We study models with fracton-like order based on $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories with subsystem symmetries in $d=2$ and $d=3$ spatial dimensions. The $3d$ model reduces to the $3$-dimensional Toric Code when subsystem symmetry is…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-07-08 J. P. Ibieta-Jimenez , L. N. Queiroz Xavier , M. Petrucci , P. Teotonio-Sobrinho

We investigate the entanglement entropy in 1+1-dimensional $SU(N)$ gauge theories with various matter fields using the lattice regularization. Here we use extended Hilbert space definition for entanglement entropy, which contains three…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-06 Sinya Aoki , Norihiro Iizuka , Kotaro Tamaoka , Tsuyoshi Yokoya

We study the entanglement structure and the topological edge states of the ground state of the spin-1/2 XXZ model with bond alternation. We employ parity-density matrix renormalization group with periodic boundary conditions. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 Yu-Chin Tzeng , Li Dai , M. -C. Chung , Luigi Amico , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Pseudoentangled states are defined by their ability to hide their entanglement structure: they are indistinguishable from random states to any observer with polynomial resources, yet can have much less entanglement than random states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Zihan Cheng , Xiaozhou Feng , Matteo Ippoliti

Entanglement is a key quantum phenomena and understanding transitions between phases of matter with different entanglement properties are an interesting probe of quantum mechanics. We numerically study a model of a 2D tensor network…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-06 Ryan Levy , Bryan K. Clark

Topological entanglement entropy, a measure of the long-ranged entanglement, is related to the degeneracy of the ground state on a higher genus surface. The exact relation depends on the details of the topological theory. We consider a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-21 Andrei Parnachev , Napat Poovuttikul

We study numerically the entanglement entropy and spatial correlations of the one dimensional transverse field Ising model with three different perturbations. First, we focus on the out of equilibrium, steady state with an energy current…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-19 Richard Cole , Frank Pollmann , Joseph J. Betouras

Tensor network states provide successful descriptions of strongly correlated quantum systems with applications ranging from condensed matter physics to cosmology. Any family of tensor network states possesses an underlying entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Matthias Christandl , Angelo Lucia , Péter Vrana , Albert H. Werner