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Schlieren imaging is an optical technique to observe the flow of transparent media, such as air or water, without any particle seeding. However, conventional frame-based techniques require both high spatial and temporal resolution cameras,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shintaro Shiba , Friedhelm Hamann , Yoshimitsu Aoki , Guillermo Gallego

The paper introduces a multi-scale processing method for quantitative study and visualization of convective heat transfer using diffractive optical element based background-oriented schlieren technique. The method relies on robust…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-05 Rajshekhar Gannavarpu , Dario Ambrosini

The paper introduces hidden grid background oriented schlieren for quantitative study and visualization of natural convection heat transfer. In this technique, the refractive index variation, induced by the temperature gradient, is encoded…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Jagadesh Ramaiah , Tullio de Rubeis , Rajshekhar Gannavarpu , Dario Ambrosini

Schlieren imaging is a popular optical technique for visualizing flow in transparent media. In-water high-sensitivity flow visualization, using schlieren imaging, is usually performed with a large-footprint two-mirror z-configuration. Here,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-06 Shubham Saxena , Manish Kumar

Quantitative measurements of fluid flow properties can be achieved by background oriented schlieren. In this paper it is shown that this depends on several factors. Image quality index is used to investigate the influence of the image…

Optics · Physics 2013-03-06 Ardian B. Gojani , Shigeru Obayashi

A single-camera synthetic Schlieren method is introduced to measure the height of a dynamic free liquid surface in a container with a flat bottom. Markers placed on the bottom, seen through the free surface, are virtually displaced due to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-11-11 Huixin Li , Marc Avila , Duo Xu

Schlieren imaging is a powerful, non-intrusive method widely used to visualize refractive index gradients in fluid dynamics and heat transfer studies, essential in fields like aerospace engineering, combustion analysis, and supersonic flow…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-09 Shubham Saxena , Xu Wang

Background-oriented schlieren (BOS) is a powerful technique for flow visualization. Nevertheless, the widespread dissemination of BOS is impeded by its dependence on scientific cameras, computing hardware, and dedicated analysis software.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Diganta Rabha , Vimod Kumar , Akshay Kumar , Dinesh Saini , Manish Kumar

Free-surface synthetic Schlieren (FS-SS) is a high-resolution, refraction-based optical technique for measuring the instantaneous elevation of a liquid interface. Under the assumptions of small amplitude, small slope, and small paraxial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-13 Shimin Zhang , Frédéric Moisy , Wietze Herreman , Zhiliang Lin

An experimental and numerical smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) analysis was performed for the convective flow arising from a horizontal, thin cylindrical heat source enclosed in a glycerin-filled, slender enclosure at low Rayleigh…

Schlieren flow visualizations of transverse oscillations of jets submitted to an acoustic perturbation are analyzed in this paper. The aim is to estimate the shape and the position of the median line of the jet. Two methods for image…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-11-04 Patricio De La Cuadra , Christophe Vergez , Benoit Fabre

The aim of this work is to develop a simple optical method for the visualization of the natural convection flow generated in an electronic system during its normal operation. The presented experimental set-up allows to reveal local…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-09-13 C. Sapia

Thin films or sheets subjected to external forces often undergo mechanical instability, leading to regular patterns of wrinkles, folds, and creases. As can be anticipated from the difficulty of flattening a curved globe, any natural…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-02-13 Megha Emerse , Lucas Goehring

Schlieren deflectometry aims at characterizing the deflections undergone by refracted incident light rays at any surface point of a transparent object. For smooth surfaces, each surface location is actually associated with a sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-12-04 Prasad Sudhakar , Laurent Jacques , Xavier Dubois , Philippe Antoine , Luc Joannes

Non-intrusive quantitative fluid density measurements methods are essential in stratified flow experiments. Digital imaging leads to synthetic Schlieren methods in which the variations of the index of refraction are reconstructed…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-11-11 Lilly Verso , Alex Liberzon

The following is a report on an experimental technique allowing to quantify and map the velocity field with a very high resolution and a simple equipment in large 2D devices. A simple Shlieren technique is proposed to reinforce the contrast…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-03-22 Johan Paiola , Harold Auradou , Hugues Bodiguel

This paper presents SPLASH, a publicly available interactive visualisation tool for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. Visualisation of SPH data is more complicated than for grid-based codes because the data is defined on a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniel J. Price

Ultrasonic acoustic fields have recently been used to generate haptic effects on the human skin as well as to levitate small sub-wavelength size particles. Schlieren imaging and background-oriented schlieren techniques can be used for…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-10-02 Michele Iodice , William Frier , James Wilcox , Ben Long , Orestis Georgiou

Flames can be formed by burning methane (CH4). When oxygen is scarce, carbon particles nucleate into solid particles called soot. These particles emit photons, making the flame yellow. Later, methane is pre-mixed with air forming a blue…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-10-18 Preston Murray , Jonathon Pendlebury , Dale Tree , Tadd Truscott

We investigate experimentally the early stage of the generation of waves by a turbulent wind at the surface of a viscous liquid. The spatio-temporal structure of the surface deformation is analyzed by the optical method Free Surface…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-09 Anna Paquier , Frederic Moisy , Marc Rabaud
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