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Outline of several strategies for using Gaussian processes as surrogate models for the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES).

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-01 Lukáš Bajer , Martin Holeňa

Evolution Strategies (ES) are stochastic derivative-free optimization algorithms whose most prominent representative, the CMA-ES algorithm, is widely used to solve difficult numerical optimization problems. We provide the first rigorous…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Cheikh Touré , Anne Auger , Nikolaus Hansen

Reinforcement learning (RL) is still rarely applied in industrial control, partly due to the difficulty of training reliable agents for real-world conditions. This work investigates how evolution strategies can support RL in such settings…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tom Maus , Stephan Frank , Tobias Glasmachers

We consider the multivariate response regression problem with a regression coefficient matrix of low, unknown rank. In this setting, we analyze a new criterion for selecting the optimal reduced rank. This criterion differs notably from the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-30 Xin Bing , Marten Wegkamp

Fitting the continuum component of a quasar spectrum in UV/optical band is challenging due to contamination of numerous emission lines. Traditional fitting algorithms such as the least-square fitting and the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-31 Jian Wu , Daniel E. Vanden Berk

The class of algorithms called Hessian Estimation Evolution Strategies (HE-ESs) update the covariance matrix of their sampling distribution by directly estimating the curvature of the objective function. The approach is practically…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-16 Tobias Glasmachers , Oswin Krause

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is a highly popular model-free reinforcement learning (RL) approach. However, we observe that in a continuous action space, PPO can prematurely shrink the exploration variance, which leads to slow progress…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Perttu Hämäläinen , Amin Babadi , Xiaoxiao Ma , Jaakko Lehtinen

This paper introduces a novel competitive mechanism into differential evolution (DE), presenting an effective DE variant named competitive DE (CDE). CDE features a simple yet efficient mutation strategy: DE/winner-to-best/1. Essentially,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Rui Zhong , Yang Cao , Enzhi Zhang , Masaharu Munetomo

The CSA-ES is an Evolution Strategy with Cumulative Step size Adaptation, where the step size is adapted measuring the length of a so-called cumulative path. The cumulative path is a combination of the previous steps realized by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-02-19 Alexandre Chotard , Anne Auger , Nikolaus Hansen

When faced with a specific optimization problem, choosing which algorithm to use is always a tough task. Not only is there a vast variety of algorithms to select from, but these algorithms often are controlled by many hyperparameters, which…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Diederick Vermetten , Hao Wang , Carola Doerr , Thomas Bäck

Evolution Strategies such as CMA-ES (covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy) and NES (natural evolution strategy) have been widely used in machine learning applications, where an objective function is optimized without using its…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-28 Haishan Ye , Tong Zhang

The CSA-ES is an Evolution Strategy with Cumulative Step size Adaptation, where the step size is adapted measuring the length of a so-called cumulative path. The cumulative path is a combination of the previous steps realized by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Alexandre Adrien Chotard , Anne Auger , Nikolaus Hansen

In this study, we investigate the problem of min-max continuous optimization in a black-box setting $\min_{x} \max_{y}f(x,y)$. A popular approach updates $x$ and $y$ simultaneously or alternatingly. However, two major limitations have been…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Atsuhiro Miyagi , Kazuto Fukuchi , Jun Sakuma , Youhei Akimoto

The discovery of complex multicellular organism development took millions of years of evolution. The genome of such a multicellular organism guides the development of its body from a single cell, including its control system. Our goal is to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Sidney Pontes-Filho , Kathryn Walker , Elias Najarro , Stefano Nichele , Sebastian Risi

Evolution strategies (ESs) are zeroth-order stochastic black-box optimization heuristics invariant to monotonic transformations of the objective function. They evolve a multivariate normal distribution, from which candidate solutions are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-09 Youhei Akimoto , Anne Auger , Tobias Glasmachers , Daiki Morinaga

Multimodal optimization requires both exploration and exploitation. Exploration identifies promising attraction basins, while exploitation finds the best solutions within these basins. The balance between exploration and exploitation can be…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chandula Fernando , Kushani De Silva

We consider a simple setting in neuroevolution where an evolutionary algorithm optimizes the weights and activation functions of a simple artificial neural network. We then define simple example functions to be learned by the network and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Paul Fischer , Emil Lundt Larsen , Carsten Witt

Recent research in Cooperative Coevolution~(CC) have achieved promising progress in solving large-scale global optimization problems. However, existing CC paradigms have a primary limitation in that they require deep expertise for selecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Hongshu Guo , Wenjie Qiu , Zeyuan Ma , Xinglin Zhang , Jun Zhang , Yue-Jiao Gong

There has been a recent focus in reinforcement learning on addressing continuous state and action problems by optimizing parameterized policies. PI2 is a recent example of this approach. It combines a derivation from first principles of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Freek Stulp , Olivier Sigaud

Estimation of low-rank matrices is of significant interest in a range of contemporary applications. In this paper, we introduce a rank-one projection model for low-rank matrix recovery and propose a constrained nuclear norm minimization…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-12-10 T. Tony Cai , Anru Zhang