Related papers: The sounds of the Little and Big Bangs
Inhomogeneities associated with the cosmological QCD and electroweak phase transitions produce hydrodynamical perturbations, longitudinal sounds and rotations. It has been demonstrated by Hindmarsh et al. that the sounds produce gravity…
Hydrodynamical description of the "Little Bang" in heavy ion collisions is surprisingly successful, mostly due to the very small viscosity of the Quark-Gluon plasma. In this paper we systematically study the propagation of small…
The `Little Bangs' made in particle collider experiments reproduce the conditions in the Big Bang when the age of the Universe was a fraction of a second. It is thought that matter was generated, the structures in the Universe were formed…
Heavy ion collisions quickly form a droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) with a remarkably small viscosity. We give an accessible introduction to how to study this smallest and hottest droplet of liquid made on earth and why it is so…
I review the status of the search for quark-gluon plasma in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The available data provide strong evidence for the "three pillars of the Little Bang model": strong radial expansion of the collision fireball…
Measurements of particles emitted from collisions of heavy ions at relativistic energies show evidence for temperature-fluctuations on the freeze-out surface of the expanding fireball. These can be understood as remnants of the density…
Hydrodynamic description of a fireball produced in high energy heavy ion collisions has been recently supplemented by a very successful study of acoustic perturbation created by the initial state perturbations. We discuss sound produced at…
A decade ago brief summary of the field could be formulated as a discovery of strongly-coupled Quark-Gluon-Plasma, sQGP, making a very good liquid with surprisingly small viscosity. Since 2010 we have LHC program, which added a lot to our…
The discovery of QGP phenomena in small collision systems like pp and p-Pb collisions have challenged the basic paradigms of heavy-ion and high-energy physics. These proceedings give a brief overview of the key findings and their…
As an alternative view to the standard big bang cosmology the quasi-steady state cosmology(QSSC) argues that the universe was not created in a single great explosion; it neither had a beginning nor will it ever come to an end. The creation…
I review recent progress in developing a complete dynamical model for the evolution of the Little Bang fireballs created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and using the model to extract the transport properties and initial density…
We report on the first 3-dimensional numerical simulations of first-order phase transitions in the early universe to include the cosmic fluid as well as the scalar field order parameter. We calculate the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum…
The present status of the heavy-ion program to search for quark-gluon plasma is reviewed. The goal of this program is to recreate the Big Bang in the laboratory, by generating small chunks of exploding quark-gluon plasma (``The Little…
It was proposed that acoustic perturbations generated by the QCD phase transition could create an inverse turbulent cascade \cite{Kalaydzhyan:2014wca}. An assumption was that propagation toward smaller momenta could reach the wavelength of…
At high temperatures and densities the nuclear matter undergoes a phase transition to a new state of matter called quark gluon plasma (QGP). This new state of matter which existed in the universe after a few microsecond of the big bang can…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions generate nuclear-sized droplets of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) that exhibit nearly inviscid hydrodynamic expansion. Smaller collision systems such as p+Au, d+Au, and $^{3}$He+Au at the Relativistic Heavy Ion…
High energy heavy ion collisions create quark gluon plasmas that behave like almost perfect fluids. Very similar features to those that led to this insight have also been observed in experimental data from collisions of small systems,…
A recent letter published in the journal Nature reports observation at the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation in small asymmetric collision systems denoted as $p$-Au, $d$-Au and $^3$He-Au. The…
Heavy ion collisions at RHIC are well described by the (nearly ideal) hydrodynamics for average events. In the present paper we study initial state fluctuations appearing on event-by-event basis, and the propagation of perturbations induced…
Collective flow, its anisotropies and its event-to-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and the extraction of the specific shear viscosity of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) from collective flow data collected in heavy-ion…