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Already for bivariate tropical polynomials, factorization is an NP-Complete problem. In this paper, we give an efficient algorithm for factorization and rational factorization of a rich class of tropical polynomials in $n$ variables.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Bo Lin , Ngoc Mai Tran

We prove general Cramer type theorems for linear systems over various extensions of the tropical semiring, in which tropical numbers are enriched with an information of multiplicity, sign, or argument. We obtain existence or uniqueness…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-07 Marianne Akian , Stéphane Gaubert , Alexander Guterman

A polynomial has saturated Newton polytope (SNP) if every lattice point of the convex hull of its exponent vectors corresponds to a monomial. We compile instances of SNP in algebraic combinatorics (some with proofs, others conjecturally):…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Cara Monical , Neriman Tokcan , Alexander Yong

In this paper, we introduce a family of symmetric polynomials by specializing the factorial Schur polynomials. These polynomials represent the weighted Schubert classes of the cohomology of the weighted Grassmannian introduced by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-02 Hiraku Abe , Tomoo Matsumura

In a recent paper, Matthew Baker and Oliver Lorscheid showed that Descartes's Rule of Signs and Newton's Polygon Rule can both be interpreted as multiplicities of polynomials over hyperfields. Hyperfields are a generalization of fields…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Trevor Gunn

Many important problems in extremal combinatorics can be stated as certifying polynomial inequalities in graph homomorphism numbers, and in particular, many ask to certify pure binomial inequalities. For a fixed collection of graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-14 Maria Dascălu , Annie Raymond

We establish a new notion of tropical convexity for signed tropical numbers. We provide several equivalent descriptions involving balance relations and intersections of open halfspaces as well as the image of a union of polytopes over…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-03 Georg Loho , László A. Végh

A theorem due to Tokuyama expresses Schur polynomials in terms of Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns, providing a deformation of the Weyl character formula and two other classical results, Stanley's formula for the Schur $q$-polynomials and Gelfand's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-26 Vineet Gupta , Uma Roy , Roger Van Peski

In this article we study the tropicalization of the Hilbert scheme and its suitability as a parameter space for tropical varieties. We prove that the points of the tropicalization of the Hilbert scheme have a tropical variety naturally…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-09-25 Daniele Alessandrini , Michele Nesci

The fundamental theorem of symmetric polynomials over rings is a classical result which states that every unital commutative ring is fully elementary, i.e. we can express symmetric polynomials with elementary ones in a unique way. The…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Sara Kališnik , Davorin Lešnik

Ardila and Brugall\'e conjectured that double tropical Welschinger invariants of Hirzebruch surfaces are piecewise quasipolynomial. In this work, we prove the conjecture holds in full generality, i.e. for toric surfaces corresponding to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Vincenzo Reda

Symmetric Grothendieck polynomials are inhomogeneous versions of Schur polynomials that arise in combinatorial $K$-theory. A polynomial has saturated Newton polytope (SNP) if every lattice point in the polytope is an exponent vector. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-17 Laura Escobar , Alexander Yong

We use piecewise polynomials to define tropical cocycles generalising the well-known notion of tropical Cartier divisors to higher codimensions. Groups of cocycles are tropical analogues of Chow cohomology groups. We also introduce an…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2011-11-23 Georges Francois

In this paper we further develop the theory of geometric tropicalization due to Hacking, Keel and Tevelev and we describe tropical methods for implicitization of surfaces. More precisely, we enrich this theory with a combinatorial formula…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Maria Angelica Cueto

The software TrIm offers implementations of tropical implicitization and tropical elimination, as developed by Tevelev and the authors. Given a polynomial map with generic coefficients, TrIm computes the tropical variety of the image. When…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2010-06-22 Bernd Sturmfels , Josephine Yu

We prove that double Schubert polynomials have the Saturated Newton Polytope property. This settles a conjecture by Monical, Tokcan and Yong. Our ideas are motivated by the theory of multidegrees. We introduce a notion of standardization of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Federico Castillo , Yairon Cid-Ruiz , Fatemeh Mohammadi , Jonathan Montaño

We resolve the Ramsey problem for $\{x,y,z:x+y=p(z)\}$ for all polynomials $p$ over $\mathbb{Z}$. In particular, we characterise all polynomials that are $2$-Ramsey, that is, those $p(z)$ such that any $2$-colouring of $\mathbb{N}$ contains…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Hong Liu , Péter Pál Pach , Csaba Sándor

A polytrope is a tropical polytope which at the same time is convex in the ordinary sense. A $d$-dimensional polytrope turns out to be a tropical simplex, that is, it is the tropical convex hull of $d+1$ points. This statement is equivalent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-24 Michael Joswig , Katja Kulas

The polynomial ring $B$ in infinitely many indeterminates $(x_1,x_2,\ldots)$, with rational coefficients, has a vector space basis of Schur polynomials, parametrized by partitions. The goal of this note is to provide an explanation of the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Letterio Gatto

In a classical case, orthogonal polynomial sequences are in such a way that the $ n $th polynomial has the exact degree $n$. Such sequences are complete and form a basis of the space for any arbitrary polynomial. In this paper, we introduce…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 Mohammad Masjed-Jamei , Zahra Moalemi , Nasser Saad