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Over the past decade, deep learning has proven to be a highly effective tool for learning meaningful features from raw data. However, it remains an open question how deep networks perform hierarchical feature learning across layers. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Peng Wang , Xiao Li , Can Yaras , Zhihui Zhu , Laura Balzano , Wei Hu , Qing Qu

Modern deep learning models exhibit strong capabilities across diverse applications, yet remain vulnerable to malicious inputs that induce erroneous predictions via feature-space distortion. To address this vulnerability, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Song Xia , Meiwen Ding , Chenqi Kong , Wenhan Yang , Xudong Jiang

This paper proposes a deep representation learning using an information-theoretic loss with an aim to increase the inter-class distances as well as within-class similarity in the embedded space. Tasks such as anomaly and out-of-distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Shin Ando

Objective functions that optimize deep neural networks play a vital role in creating an enhanced feature representation of the input data. Although cross-entropy-based loss formulations have been extensively used in a variety of supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Deen Dayal Mohan , Bhavin Jawade , Srirangaraj Setlur , Venu Govindaraj

We propose a deep metric learning model to create embedded sub-spaces with a well defined structure. A new loss function that imposes Gaussian structures on the output space is introduced to create these sub-spaces thus shaping the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Pedro D. Marrero Fernandez , Tsang Ing Ren , Tsang Ing Jyh , Fidel A. Guerrero Peña , Alexandre Cunha

Deep learning has shown promising results in many machine learning applications. The hierarchical feature representation built by deep networks enable compact and precise encoding of the data. A kernel analysis of the trained deep networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Mandar Kulkarni , Shirish Karande

Recently, the topic of graph representation learning has received plenty of attention. Existing approaches usually focus on structural properties only and thus they are not sufficient for those spatial graphs where the nodes are associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zheng Wang , Ce Ju , Gao Cong , Cheng Long

We address the challenging problem of deep representation learning--the efficient adaption of a pre-trained deep network to different tasks. Specifically, we propose to explore gradient-based features. These features are gradients of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Fangzhou Mu , Yingyu Liang , Yin Li

A promising direction in deep learning research consists in learning representations and simultaneously discovering cluster structure in unlabeled data by optimizing a discriminative loss function. As opposed to supervised deep learning,…

Deep neural networks are susceptible to learn biased models with entangled feature representations, which may lead to subpar performances on various downstream tasks. This is particularly true for under-represented classes, where a lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Sanghyeok Chu , Dongwan Kim , Bohyung Han

Developing deep learning techniques for geometric data is an active and fruitful research area. This paper tackles the problem of sphere-type surface learning by developing a novel surface-to-image representation. Using this representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Niv Haim , Nimrod Segol , Heli Ben-Hamu , Haggai Maron , Yaron Lipman

Our goal is to provide a review of deep learning methods which provide insight into structured high-dimensional data. Rather than using shallow additive architectures common to most statistical models, deep learning uses layers of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-11 Nick Polson , Vadim Sokolov

This paper introduces a novel perspective about error in machine learning and proposes inverse feature learning (IFL) as a representation learning approach that learns a set of high-level features based on the representation of error for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Behzad Ghazanfari , Fatemeh Afghah

Data for face analysis often exhibit highly-skewed class distribution, i.e., most data belong to a few majority classes, while the minority classes only contain a scarce amount of instances. To mitigate this issue, contemporary deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Chen Huang , Yining Li , Chen Change Loy , Xiaoou Tang

Iterative refinement -- start with a random guess, then iteratively improve the guess -- is a useful paradigm for representation learning because it offers a way to break symmetries among equally plausible explanations for the data. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Michael Chang , Thomas L. Griffiths , Sergey Levine

In this paper, we investigate the unsupervised deep representation learning issue and technically propose a novel framework called Deep Self-representative Concept Factorization Network (DSCF-Net), for clustering deep features. To improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Yan Zhang , Zhao Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Mingbo Zhao , Li Zhang , Zhengjun Zha , Meng Wang

Most efforts in interpretability in deep learning have focused on (1) extracting explanations of a specific downstream task in relation to the input features and (2) imposing constraints on the model, often at the expense of predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Marco Bertolini , Djork-Arné Clevert , Floriane Montanari

Deep subspace clustering (DSC) networks based on self-expressive model learn representation matrix, often implemented in terms of fully connected network, in the embedded space. After the learning is finished, representation matrix is used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Lovro Sindičić , Ivica Kopriva

We develop information geometric techniques to understand the representations learned by deep networks when they are trained on different tasks using supervised, meta-, semi-supervised and contrastive learning. We shed light on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Rahul Ramesh , Jialin Mao , Itay Griniasty , Rubing Yang , Han Kheng Teoh , Mark Transtrum , James P. Sethna , Pratik Chaudhari

The success of machine learning algorithms generally depends on data representation, and we hypothesize that this is because different representations can entangle and hide more or less the different explanatory factors of variation behind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-24 Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville , Pascal Vincent