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The Robinson Telescope (BICEP) is a ground-based millimeter-wave bolometric array designed to study the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) and galactic foreground emission. Such measurements probe the energy…

The curl (B) modes of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropies are a unique probe of the primordial background of inflationary gravitational waves (IGWs). Unfortunately, the B-mode polarization anisotropies generated by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kris Sigurdson , Asantha Cooray

B-modes of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization can be created by a primordial gravitational wave background. If this background was created by Inflation, then the amplitude of the polarization signal is proportional the energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Alexandre Amblard , Asantha Cooray , Manoj Kaplinghat

The existence of axion-like particles (ALPs) can be probed from their signatures in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) due to the photon-ALP resonant conversion over the mass range of ALPs that matches with the effective mass of photons…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-22 Harsh Mehta , Suvodip Mukherjee

The anisotropy study cosmic microwave background (CMB) is one of the main observational tools for modern cosmology. However, alongside the study of the thermal fluctuations of the CMB are other equally important information, which is known…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-18 Alexander Bonilla Rivera

The curl-modes of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization probe horizon-scale primordial gravitational waves related to inflation. A significant source of confusion is expected from a lensing conversion of polarization related to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Asantha Cooray

The BICEP3 Polarimeter is a small aperture, refracting telescope, dedicated to the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) at 95GHz. It is designed to target degree angular scale polarization patterns, in particular the…

Searches for primordial gravitational waves have resulted in constraints in a large frequency range from a variety of sources. The standard Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) technique is to parameterise the tensor power spectrum in terms of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-14 Thomas J. Clarke , Edmund J. Copeland , Adam Moss

We review current observational constraints on the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), with a particular emphasis on detecting the signature of primordial gravitational waves. We present an analytic solution to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Brian G. Keating , Alexander G. Polnarev , Nathan J. Miller , Deepak Baskaran

This chapter describes how the Cosmic Gravitational Wave Background induces a specific type of CMB polarization and describes the first experiment dedicated to testing this most-promising signature of inflation. This experiment, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 Brian G. Keating

Understanding the interaction of primordial gravitational waves (GWs) with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) plasma is important for observational cosmology. In this article, we provide an analysis of an effect apparently overlooked as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-26 Dong-Hoon Kim , Sascha Trippe

We study the effects of pre-recombination physics on the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) anisotropies induced by the propagation of gravitons through the large-scale density perturbations and their cross-correlation with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-17 Matteo Braglia , Sachiko Kuroyanagi

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a fundamental observational tool in modern cosmology. The linear polarization of the CMB provides a crucial observational tool for exploring new physics, including the inflationary paradigm and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-12 Vyoma Muralidhara

The stochastic cosmological gravitational-wave background (CGWB) provides a direct window to study early universe phenomena and fundamental physics. With the proposed third-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors, Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Ashish Sharma , Jan Harms

We examine the use of the CMB's TE cross correlation power spectrum as a complementary test to detect primordial gravitational waves (PGWs). The first method used is based on the determination of the lowest multipole, $\ell_0$, where the TE…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-05-12 A. G. Polnarev , N. J. Miller , B. G. Keating

Current- and next-generation Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments will measure polarization anisotropies with unprecedented sensitivities. The need for high precision in these measurements underscores the importance of gaining a…

LiteBIRD is a JAXA-led Strategic Large-Class mission designed to search for the existence of the primordial gravitational waves produced during the inflationary phase of the Universe, through the measurements of their imprint onto the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-02 L. Montier , B. Mot , P. de Bernardis , B. Maffei , G. Pisano , F. Columbro , J. E. Gudmundsson , S. Henrot-Versillé , L. Lamagna , J. Montgomery , T. Prouvé , M. Russell , G. Savini , S. Stever , K. L. Thompson , M. Tsujimoto , C. Tucker , B. Westbrook , P. A. R. Ade , A. Adler , E. Allys , K. Arnold , D. Auguste , J. Aumont , R. Aurlien , J. Austermann , C. Baccigalupi , A. J. Banday , R. Banerji , R. B. Barreiro , S. Basak , J. Beall , D. Beck , S. Beckman , J. Bermejo , M. Bersanelli , J. Bonis , J. Borrill , F. Boulanger , S. Bounissou , M. Brilenkov , M. Brown , M. Bucher , E. Calabrese , P. Campeti , A. Carones , F. J. Casas , A. Challinor , V. Chan , K. Cheung , Y. Chinone , J. F. Cliche , L. Colombo , J. Cubas , A. Cukierman , D. Curtis , G. D'Alessandro , N. Dachlythra , M. De Petris , C. Dickinson , P. Diego-Palazuelos , M. Dobbs , T. Dotani , L. Duband , S. Duff , J. M. Duval , K. Ebisawa , T. Elleflot , H. K. Eriksen , J. Errard , T. Essinger-Hileman , F. Finelli , R. Flauger , C. Franceschet , U. Fuskeland , M. Galloway , K. Ganga , J. R. Gao , R. Genova-Santos , M. Gerbino , M. Gervasi , T. Ghigna , E. Gjerløw , M. L. Gradziel , J. Grain , F. Grupp , A. Gruppuso , T. de Haan , N. W. Halverson , P. Hargrave , T. Hasebe , M. Hasegawa , M. Hattori , M. Hazumi , D. Herman , D. Herranz , C. A. Hill , G. Hilton , Y. Hirota , E. Hivon , R. A. Hlozek , Y. Hoshino , E. de la Hoz , J. Hubmayr , K. Ichiki , T. Iida , H. Imada , K. Ishimura , H. Ishino , G. Jaehnig , T. Kaga , S. Kashima , N. Katayama , A. Kato , T. Kawasaki , R. Keskitalo , T. Kisner , Y. Kobayashi , N. Kogiso , A. Kogut , K. Kohri , E. Komatsu , K. Komatsu , K. Konishi , N. Krachmalnicoff , I. Kreykenbohm , C. L. Kuo , A. Kushino , J. V. Lanen , M. Lattanzi , A. T. Lee , C. Leloup , F. Levrier , E. Linder , T. Louis , G. Luzzi , T. Maciaszek , D. Maino , M. Maki , S. Mandelli , E. Martinez-Gonzalez , S. Masi , T. Matsumura , A. Mennella , M. Migliaccio , Y. Minami , K. Mitsuda , G. Morgante , Y. Murata , J. A. Murphy , M. Nagai , Y. Nagano , T. Nagasaki , R. Nagata , S. Nakamura , T. Namikawa , P. Natoli , S. Nerval , T. Nishibori , H. Nishino , C. O'Sullivan , H. Ogawa , H. Ogawa , S. Oguri , H. Ohsaki , I. S. Ohta , N. Okada , N. Okada , L. Pagano , A. Paiella , D. Paoletti , G. Patanchon , J. Peloton , F. Piacentini , G. Polenta , D. Poletti , G. Puglisi , D. Rambaud , C. Raum , S. Realini , M. Reinecke , M. Remazeilles , A. Ritacco , G. Roudil , J. A. Rubino-Martin , H. Sakurai , Y. Sakurai , M. Sandri , M. Sasaki , D. Scott , J. Seibert , Y. Sekimoto , B. Sherwin , K. Shinozaki , M. Shiraishi , P. Shirron , G. Signorelli , G. Smecher , R. Stompor , H. Sugai , S. Sugiyama , A. Suzuki , J. Suzuki , T. L. Svalheim , E. Switzer , R. Takaku , H. Takakura , S. Takakura , Y. Takase , Y. Takeda , A. Tartari , E. Taylor , Y. Terao , H. Thommesen , B. Thorne , T. Toda , M. Tomasi , M. Tominaga , N. Trappe , M. Tristram , M. Tsuji , J. Ullom , G. Vermeulen , P. Vielva , F. Villa , M. Vissers , N. Vittorio , I. Wehus , J. Weller , J. Wilms , B. Winter , E. J. Wollack , N. Y. Yamasaki , T. Yoshida , J. Yumoto , M. Zannoni , A. Zonca

Cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) observations are unavoidably contaminated by emission from various extra-galactic foregrounds, which must be removed to obtain reliable measurements of the cosmological signal. In this paper, we…

SPOrt (Sky Polarization Observatory) is a space experiment to be flown on the International Space Station during Early Utilization Phase aimed at measuring the microwave polarized emission with FWHM = 7deg, in the frequency range 22-90 GHz.…

Precise measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are crucial in cosmology, because any proposed model of the universe must account for the features of this radiation. Of all CMB measurements that the scientific community has…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-08 Claudia Nones , Stefanos Marnieros , Alain Benoit , Laurent Bergé , Aurelien Bideau , Philippe Camus , Louis Dumoulin , Alessandro Monfardini , Olivier Rigaut