Related papers: Characterising and Identifying Galaxy Protocluster…
We study the environments of 6 radio galaxies at 2.2 < z < 2.6 using wide-field near-infrared images. We use colour cuts to identify galaxies in this redshift range, and find that three of the radio galaxies are surrounded by significant…
Protoclusters are high-$z$ overdense regions that will evolve into clusters of galaxies by $z=0$, making them ideal for studying galaxy evolution expected to be accelerated by environmental effects. However, it has been challenging to…
The study of galaxy protoclusters is beginning to fill in unknown details of the important phase of the assembly of clusters and cluster galaxies. This review describes the current status of this field and highlights promising recent…
We present the spectroscopic confirmation of a $z=2.45$ proto-cluster. Its member galaxies lie within a radius of 1.4Mpc (physical) on the sky and within $\Delta v \pm 700$km/s along the line of sight. We estimate an overdensity of 10,…
High-redshift protoclusters are crucial for understanding the formation of galaxy clusters and the evolution of galaxies in dense environments. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), with its unprecedented near-infrared sensitivity, enables…
The large-scale overdensities of galaxies at z~2-7 known as protoclusters are believed to be the sites of cluster formation, and deep, wide survey projects such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and the Wide Field Infrared…
The Universe's largest galaxy clusters likely built the majority of their massive $>10^{11} M_\odot$ galaxies in simultaneous, short-lived bursts of activity well before virialization. This conclusion is reached from emerging datasets on…
We have carried out follow-up spectroscopy on three overdense regions of $g$- and $r$-dropout galaxies in the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey Deep Fields, finding two new protoclusters at $z=4.898$, 3.721 and a possible…
Galaxy protoclusters, which will eventually grow into the massive clusters we see in the local universe, are usually traced by locating overdensities of galaxies. Large spectroscopic surveys of distant galaxies now exist, but their…
JWST has revealed an overabundance of apparent (`Coma'-like) cluster progenitors at $z>5$ that is $\sim$ two (300) times in excess of, and in $2.3\sigma$ ($4\sigma$) tension with, the number density of such objects at present day and…
We use the TNG-Cluster simulation to investigate how stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR) incompleteness affect the identification of density peaks within galaxy protoclusters at different redshifts. Our analysis focuses on a sample…
We develop a method to identify proto-clusters based on dark matter halos represented by galaxy groups selected from surveys of galaxies at high redshift. We test the performance of this method on halos in N-body simulations, and find it…
About 2100 star-forming galaxy protocluster candidates at z=1-4 were identified at sub-mm wavelengths in the Planck all sky survey. Follow-up spectroscopic observations of a few candidates have confirmed the presence of actual galaxy…
In the hierarchical theory of galaxy formation, a galaxy overdensity is a hallmark of a massive cosmic structure. However, it is less well understood how different types of galaxies trace the underlying large-scale structure. Motivated by…
We present a selection of candidates of clusters and protoclusters of galaxies identified in the photometric data of the HSC-SSP Wide Public Data Release 3 (PDR3), spanning the redshift range $\rm 0.1 \leq z \leq 2$. The selection method,…
[Abridged] We characterise a massive proto-cluster at z=2.895 that we found in the COSMOS field using the spectroscopic sample of the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS). This is one of the rare structures at z~3 not identified around AGNs or…
As the progenitors of present-day galaxy clusters, protoclusters are excellent laboratories to study galaxy evolution. Since existing observations of protoclusters are limited to the detected constituent galaxies at UV and/or infrared…
The One-hundred-deg$^2$ DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN) survey is carrying out a systematic search for protoclusters during Cosmic Noon, using Ly$\alpha$-emitting galaxies (LAEs) as tracers. Once completed, ODIN aims to identify…
We present the recent merger history of massive galaxies in a spectroscopically-confirmed proto-cluster at z=1.62. Using HST WFC3 near-infrared imaging from the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS), we…
We present an algorithm designed to identify galaxy (proto)clusters in wide-area photometric surveys by first selecting their dominant galaxy-i.e., the Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG) or protoBCG-through the local stellar mass density traced…