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Trust in electoral processes is fundamental for democracies. Further, the identity management of citizen data is crucial, because final tallies cannot be guaranteed without the assurance that every final vote was cast by an eligible voter.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Christian Killer , Lucas Thorbecke , Bruno Rodrigues , Eder Scheid , Muriel Franco , Burkhard Stiller

A blockchain is a distributed ledger forming a distributed consensus on a history of transactions. It is the underlying technology for the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, but there are many applications beyond the financial sector. With built-in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Nathaniel Aldred , Luke Baal , Graeham Broda , Steven Trumble , Qusay H. Mahmoud

Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most transformative digital innovations of the 21st century. This paper presents a comprehensive review of blockchain's fundamental architecture, tracing its development from Bitcoin's initial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Aditya Pratap Singh

In the cryptographic currency Bitcoin, all transactions are recorded in the blockchain - a public, global, and immutable ledger. Because transactions are public, Bitcoin and its users employ obfuscation to maintain a degree of financial…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Arvind Narayanan , Malte Möser

Decentralization has been touted as the principal security advantage which propelled blockchain systems at the forefront of developments in the financial technology space. Its exact semantics nevertheless remain highly contested and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Christina Ovezik , Dimitris Karakostas , Aggelos Kiayias

We present a novel blockchain based service for proving the provenance of online digital identity, exposed as an assistive tool to help non-expert users make better decisions about whom to trust online. Our service harnesses the digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Yifan Yang , Daniel Cooper , John Collomosse , Constantin C. Drăgan , Mark Manulis , Jamie Steane , Arthi Manohar , Jo Briggs , Helen Jones , Wendy Moncur

Blockchain eliminates the need for trusted third-party intermediaries in business by enabling decentralised architecture design in software applications. However, the vulnerabilities in on-chain autonomous decision-makings and cumbersome…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Yue Liu , Qinghua Lu , Guangsheng Yu , Hye-Young Paik , Liming Zhu

The tremendous technological advancement in the last few decades has brought many enterprises to collaborate in a better way while making intelligent decisions. The use of Information Technology tools in obtaining data of people's everyday…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Ajay Kumar Shrestha , Ralph Deters , Julita Vassileva

Appearance of Bitcoin raise up evolution in currency. Blockchain database also raise up possibilities to share important data between untrusted peers. In this paper, we propose Arachneum, a decentralized, distributed, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Donghyeon Lee

Bitcoin brings a new type of digital currency that does not rely on a central system to maintain transactions. By benefiting from the concept of decentralized ledger, users who do not know or trust each other can still conduct transactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Zhimin Gao , Lei Xu , Keshav Kasichainula , Lin Chen , Bogdan Carbunar , Weidong Shi

Bitcoin is a decentralized, pseudonymous cryptocurrency that is one of the most used digital assets to date. Its unregulated nature and inherent anonymity of users have led to a dramatic increase in its use for illicit activities. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Francesco Zola , Maria Eguimendia , Jan Lukas Bruse , Raul Orduna Urrutia

In this paper, we propose a certificate sharing system based on blockchain that gives students authority and control over their academic certificates. Our strategy involves developing blockchain-based NFT certifications that can be shared…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Prakhyat Khati , Ajay Kumar Shrestha , Julita Vassileva

Voting is a very important issue which can be beneficial in term of choosing the right leader in an election. A good leader can bring prosperity to a country and also can lead the country in the right direction every time. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Kazi Sadia , Md. Masuduzzaman , Rajib Kumar Paul , Anik Islam

The necessity of blockchain systems to remain decentralised limits current solutions to blockchain governance and dynamic management, forcing a trade-off between control and decentralisation. In light of the above, this work proposes a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Georgios Diamantopoulos , Nikos Tziritas , Rami Bahsoon , Georgios Theodoropoulos

Blockchain technology is among the fastest-growing technologies in the world today. It has been adopted in diverse areas but mostly in financial systems, such as Bitcoin cryptocurrency. Therefore, it is a niche that has attracted interest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Mabrook S. Al-Rakhami , Abdu Gumaei , Sk. Md. Mizanur Rahman , Atif Al-Amri

Inspired by Bitcoin, many different kinds of cryptocurrencies based on blockchain technology have turned up on the market. Due to the special structure of the blockchain, it has been deemed impossible to directly trade between traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Hangyu Tian , Kaiping Xue , Shaohua Li , Jie Xu , Jianqing Liu , Jun Zhao

Blockchain (BC), the technology behind the Bitcoin crypto-currency system, is considered to be both alluring and critical for ensuring enhanced security and (in some implementations, non-traceable) privacy for diverse applications in many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Mahdi H. Miraz , Maaruf Ali

Blockchain has been widely deployed in various sectors, such as finance, education, and public services. Since blockchain runs as an immutable distributed ledger, it has decentralized mechanisms with persistency, anonymity, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Qian Wei , Bingzhe Li , Wanli Chang , Zhiping Jia , Zhaoyan Shen , Zili Shao

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a guiding technology behind automation and smart computing. One of the major concerns with the IoT systems is the lack of privacy and security preserving schemes for controlling access and ensuring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Sreelakshmi K. K. , Ashutosh Bhatia , Ankit Agrawal

The Internet of Things IoT is experiencing exponential growth in research and industry, but it still suffers from privacy and security vulnerabilities. Conventional security and privacy approaches tend to be inapplicable for IoT, mainly due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-19 Ali Dorri , Salil S. Kanhere , Raja Jurdak