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We simulate the creation and evolution of non-boost-invariant Glasma in the early stages of heavy ion collisions within the color glass condensate framework. This is accomplished by extending the McLerran-Venugopalan model to include a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-08 Andreas Ipp , David Müller

We present our work on the simulation of the early stages of heavy-ion collisions with finite longitudinal thickness in the laboratory frame in 3+1 dimensions. In particular we study the effects of nuclear thickness on the production of a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-27 Daniil Gelfand , Andreas Ipp , David Müller

We extend the weak field approximation for the Glasma beyond the boost-invariant approximation, which allows us to compute rapidity-dependent observables in the early stages of heavy-ion collisions. We show that in the limit of small…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-11 Andreas Ipp , Markus Leuthner , David I. Müller , Soeren Schlichting , Pragya Singh

We review our progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations to describe the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions. In our simulations we include nuclei with finite longitudinal extent and describe the collision process as well as the evolution of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-05 Andreas Ipp , David I. Müller

The rapidity dependence of the initial energy density in heavy-ion collisions is calculated from a three-dimensional McLerran-Venugopalan model (3dMVn) introduced by Lam and Mahlon. This model is infrared safe since global color neutrality…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-03-12 Sener Ozonder , Rainer J. Fries

The Glasma is a semiclassical nonequilibrium state describing the earliest stage in relativistic heavy-ion collisions predicted by the Color Glass Condensate effective theory. It is characterized by strong color fields, which are sourced by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-28 Markus Leuthner

The Glasma is a gluonic state of matter which can be created in collisions of relativistic heavy ions and is a precursor to the quark-gluon plasma. The existence of this state is a prediction of the color glass condensate (CGC) effective…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-09-14 David Müller

The IP-Glasma initial condition has been highly successful in the phenomenology of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The assumption of boost invariance, however, while good for collision energies probed at the LHC, limits the use of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-09 Scott McDonald , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

We present a succinct formulation of the energy-momentum tensor of the Glasma characterizing the initial color fields in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the Color Glass Condensate effective theory. We derive concise expressions for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-28 Andreas Ipp , Markus Leuthner , David I. Müller , Sören Schlichting , Kayran Schmidt , Pragya Singh

We extend the impact parameter dependent Glasma model (IP-Glasma) to three dimensions using explicit small x evolution of the two incoming nuclear gluon distributions. We compute rapidity distributions of produced gluons and the early time…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-10-20 Bjoern Schenke , Soeren Schlichting

We estimate the energy density and the gluon distribution associated with the classical fields describing the early-time dynamics of the heavy-ion collisions. We first decompose the energy density into the momentum components exactly in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-03-12 Hirotsugu Fujii , Kenji Fukushima , Yoshimasa Hidaka

We study the (3+1)D structure of the Glasma in the dilute approximation, which allows us to describe the longitudinal dynamics that arise from the three-dimensional nuclear structure. We employ a nuclear model with tunable longitudinal and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-29 Andreas Ipp , Markus Leuthner , David I. Müller , Sören Schlichting , Kayran Schmidt , Pragya Singh

In this thesis, an approximation for the full (3+1)D dynamics of the Glasma is presented, which breaks boost-invariance on the level of the nuclear fields and leads to rapidity dependence in the final results. For this treatment, the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-30 Kayran Schmidt

We apply the 3D glasma simulation method using Milne coordinates, proposed in our previous work [1], to the early stage of the Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV. The nucleus model prior to the collisions, which offers the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-26 Hidefumi Matsuda , Xu-Guang Huang

We discuss results from 3+1-D numerical simulations of SU(2) Yang--Mills equations for an unstable Glasma expanding into the vacuum after a high energy heavy ion collision. We expand on our earlier work on a non-Abelian Weibel instability…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-30 Paul Romatschke , Raju Venugopalan

We present a pedagogical introduction to the theoretical framework of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) and the McLerran-Venugopalan (MV) model. We discuss the application of the MV model to describe the early-time dynamics of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-12-22 Kenji Fukushima

We perform a calculation of the one- and two-point correlation functions of energy density and axial charge deposited in the glasma in the initial stage of a heavy ion collision at finite proper time. We do this by describing the initial…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-26 Pablo Guerrero-Rodríguez , Tuomas Lappi

Recent theory progresses in (3+1)D dynamical descriptions of relativistic nuclear collisions at finite baryon density are reviewed. Heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies produce strongly coupled nuclear matter to probe the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-16 Chun Shen

We simulate the 3+1 D classical Yang-Mills dynamics of the collisions of longitudinally extended nuclei, described by eikonal color charges in the Color Glass Condensate framework. By varying the longitudinal thickness of the colliding…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-26 Soeren Schlichting , Pragya Singh

In heavy ion collisions, transverse momentum broadening quantifies the modification of a hard probe due to interactions with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We calculate momentum broadening in the Glasma, which is the highly non-isotropic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-14 Andreas Ipp , David I. Müller , Daniel Schuh
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