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Serial crystallography experiments routinely produce thousands of diffraction patterns from crystals in random orientations. To turn this stream of images into a usable dataset, each pattern must be indexed before integration and merging…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Marc M Nasser , Frédéric Poitevin , Kevin M Dalton

The ambitious scientific goals of the SKA require a matching capability for calibration of atmospheric propagation errors, which contaminate the observed signals. We demonstrate a scheme for correcting the direction-dependent ionospheric…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Maria Rioja , Richard Dodson , Thomas Franzen

We introduce a fully spectral learning framework that eliminates traditional neural layers by operating entirely in the wavelet domain. The model applies learnable nonlinear transformations, including soft-thresholding and gain-phase…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Andrew Kiruluta

Zak-OTFS is modulation scheme where signals are formed in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain, converted to the time domain (DD) for transmission and reception, then returned to the DD domain for processing. We describe how to use the same…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Nishant Mehrotra , Sandesh Rao Mattu , Saif Khan Mohammed , Ronny Hadani , Robert Calderbank

We present a new detection algorithm based on the wavelet transform for the analysis of high energy astronomical images. The wavelet transform, due to its multi-scale structure, is suited for the optimal detection of point-like as well as…

Implicit neural representations (INRs) have arisen as useful methods for representing signals on Euclidean domains. By parameterizing an image as a multilayer perceptron (MLP) on Euclidean space, INRs effectively represent signals in a way…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-03 T. Mitchell Roddenberry , Vishwanath Saragadam , Maarten V. de Hoop , Richard G. Baraniuk

Domain-generalized retinal vessel segmentation is critical for automated ophthalmic diagnosis, yet faces significant challenges from domain shift induced by non-uniform illumination and varying contrast, compounded by the difficulty of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Chanchan Wang , Yuanfang Wang , Qing Xu , Guanxin Chen

Frequency-domain full-waveform inversion (FWI) is suitable for long-offset stationary-recording acquisition, since reliable subsurface models can be reconstructed with a few frequencies and attenuation is easily implemented without…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-04-20 Victorita Dolean , Pierre Jolivet , Stéphane Operto , Pierre-Henri Tournier

A generalization of Mallat's classic theory of multiresolution analysis based on the theory of spectral pairs was considered by Gabardo and Nashed (J. Funct. Anal. 158, 209-241, 1998). In this article, we introduce the notion of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-07 Owais Ahmad , F. A. Shah

A new multiresolution quadrilateral plate element is proposed and a multiresolution finite element method is hence presented. The multiresolution analysis (MRA) framework is formulated out of a mutually nesting displacement subspace…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-14 YiMing Xia

Modern radio interferometric arrays offer high sensitivity, wide fields of view, and broad frequency coverage, but also pose significant data calibration challenges. Standard direction-independent calibration is insufficient to correct…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-18 Hao Peng , Fangxia An , Yuheng Zhang , Srikrishna Sekhar , Russ Taylor , Xianzhong Zheng , Yongming Liang

The Aitken method is a useful approach for decomposing mid-IR polarimetry of silicates in astronomical sources into emissive and absorptive components. Here we extend this method to include the effects of polarization caused by scattering…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-25 Frank Városi , Charles M. Telesco , Christopher M. Wright , Sergio José Fernández Acosta

The inverse scattering problem is of critical importance in a number of fields, including medical imaging, sonar, sensing, non-destructive evaluation, and several others. The problem of interest can vary from detecting the shape to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Doga Dikbayir , Abdel Alsnayyan , Vishnu Naresh Boddeti , Balasubramaniam Shanker , Hasan Metin Aktulga

Hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising is a crucial preprocessing step for subsequent tasks. The clean HSI usually reside in a low-dimensional subspace, which can be captured by low-rank and sparse representation, known as the physical prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jin Ye , Fengchao Xiong , Jun Zhou , Yuntao Qian

Understanding the orientation of geological structures is crucial for analyzing the complexity of the Earths' subsurface. For instance, information about geological structure orientation can be incorporated into local anisotropic…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-09-10 Ali Gholami , Silvia Gazzola

Directional wavelet dictionaries are hierarchical representations which efficiently capture and segment information across scale, location and orientation. Such representations demonstrate a particular affinity to physical signals, which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-15 Matthew A. Price , Alicja Polanska , Jessica Whitney , Jason D. McEwen

We explore the use of multiresolution analysis techniques as texture attributes for seismic image characterization, especially in representing subsurface structures in large migrated seismic data. Namely, we explore the Gaussian pyramid,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-04 Motaz Alfarraj , Yazeed Alaudah , Zhiling Long , Ghassan AlRegib

The intrinsically hierarchical and blended structure of interstellar molecular clouds, plus the always increasing resolution of astronomical instruments, demand advanced and automated pattern recognition techniques for identifying and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Martín Villanueva , Mauricio Araya

Finding efficient representations is one of the most challenging and heavily sought problems in mathematics. Representation using shearlets recently receives a lot of attention due to their desirable properties in both theory and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-08-29 Bin Han , Xiaosheng Zhuang

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), which consists of a large number of tunable reflective elements, is capable of enhancing the wireless propagation environment in a cellular network by intelligently reflecting the electromagnetic waves…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-10 Tao Jiang , Hei Victor Cheng , Wei Yu