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This paper introduces the method of dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) for robustly separating video frames into background (low-rank) and foreground (sparse) components in real-time. The method is a novel application of a technique used for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Jacob Grosek , J. Nathan Kutz

The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) has become a leading tool for data-driven modeling of dynamical systems, providing a regression framework for fitting linear dynamical models to time-series measurement data. We present a simple…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Travis Askham , J. Nathan Kutz

Data-driven decompositions of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements are widely used for a variety of purposes, including the detection of coherent features (e.g., vortical structures), filtering operations (e.g., outlier removal or…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-08-26 Miguel A Mendez , David Hess , Bo B Watz , Jean-Marie Buchlin

The Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is a signal analysis method that separates multi-component signals into single oscillatory modes called intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), each of which can generally be associated to a physical meaning…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-11 Olav B. Fosso , Marta Molinas

When performing robot/vehicle localization using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to handle adverse weather and environmental conditions, existing techniques often struggle to accurately estimate distances when processing B-scan images with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Huaichao Wang , Xuanxin Fan , Ji Liu , Haifeng Li , Dezhen Song

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one of the most important non-destructive evaluation (NDE) devices to detect the subsurface objects (i.e. rebars, utility pipes) and reveal the underground scene. One of the biggest challenges in GPR based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-21 Jinglun Feng , Liang Yang , Haiyan Wang , Yifeng Song , Jizhong Xiao

Huang's Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is an algorithm for analyzing nonstationary data that provides a localized time-frequency representation by decomposing the data into adaptively defined modes. EMD can be used to estimate a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2010-08-26 Daniel N. Kaslovsky , Francois G. Meyer

Urban areas pose a challenge for the application of the H/V method due to a high degree of artificial noise. The existing methods fall short in reducing the noise of strong interference data. To solve this issue, a new approach called the…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-11-27 Bingxuan Song , Fuxing Han , Yubei Chen , Linjun Wu , Mengting Huang , Yanjie Pan

Subsurface evaluation of railway tracks is crucial for safe operation, as it allows for the early detection and remediation of potential structural weaknesses or defects that could lead to accidents or derailments. Ground Penetrating Radar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Farhad Kooban , Aleksandra Radlińska , Reza Mousapour , Maryam Saraei

We describe new methods for denoising and detection of gravitational waves embedded in additive Gaussian noise. The methods are based on Total Variation denoising algorithms. These algorithms, which do not need any a priori information…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-10 Alejandro Torres , Antonio Marquina , José A. Font , José M. Ibáñez

We propose Comprehensive Robust Dynamic Mode Decomposition (CR-DMD), a novel framework that robustifies the entire DMD process - from mode extraction to dimensional reduction - against mixed noise. Although standard DMD widely used for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-19 Yuki Nakamura , Shingo Takemoto , Shunsuke Ono

In this paper, a generic extension of variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm for multivariate or multichannel data sets is presented. We first define a model for multivariate modulated oscillations that is based on the presence of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-08 Naveed ur Rehman , Hania Aftab

Accurate electricity demand forecasting is challenging due to the strong multi-periodicity of real-world demand series, which makes effective modeling of recurrent temporal patterns crucial. Decomposition techniques make such structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Weibin Feng , Ran Tao , John Cartlidge , Jin Zheng

Signal decomposition and multiscale signal analysis provide many useful tools for time-frequency analysis. We proposed a random feature method for analyzing time-series data by constructing a sparse approximation to the spectrogram. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-17 Nicholas Richardson , Hayden Schaeffer , Giang Tran

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) based localization has gained significant recognition in robotics due to its ability to detect stable subsurface features, offering advantages in environments where traditional sensors like cameras and LiDAR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Pengyu Zhang , Xieyuanli Chen , Yuwei Chen , Beizhen Bi , Zhuo Xu , Tian Jin , Xiaotao Huang , Liang Shen

We present a novel, general-purpose method for deconvolving and denoising images from gridded radio interferometric visibilities using Bayesian inference based on a Gaussian process model. The method automatically takes into account…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 P. M. Sutter , Benjamin D. Wandelt , Jason D. McEwen , Emory F. Bunn , Ata Karakci , Andrei Korotkov , Peter Timbie , Gregory S. Tucker , Le Zhang

During the operation of the engine rotor, the vibration signal measured by the sensor is the mixed signal of each vibration source, and contains strong noise at the same time. In this paper, a new separation method for mixed vibration…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-09 Pengfei Xu , Yinjie Jia , Zhijian Wang

Computer analysis of Lung Sound (LS) signals has been proposed in recent years as a tool to analyze the lungs' status but there have always been main challenges, including the contamination of LS with environmental noises, which come from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-21 Mozhde Firoozi Pouyani , Mansour Vali , Mohammad Amin Ghasemi

Models of gravitational waveforms play a critical role in detecting and characterizing the gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences. Waveforms from numerical relativity (NR), while highly accurate, are too computationally…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-01-03 Zoheyr Doctor , Ben Farr , Daniel E. Holz , Michael Pürrer

Signal decomposition is an effective tool to assist the identification of modal information in time-domain signals. Two signal decomposition methods, including the empirical wavelet transform (EWT) and Fourier decomposition method (FDM),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Wei Zhou , Zhongren Feng , Y. F. Xu , Xiongjiang Wang , Hao Lv