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The membrane paradigm of black hole is studied in the Chern-Simons modified gravity. Derived with the action principle a la Parikh-Wilczek, the stress tensor of membrane manifests a rich structure arising from the Chern-Simons term. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-15 Tian-Yi Zhao , Towe Wang

In this paper we aim to provide new examples of the application and the generality of the membrane paradigm. The membrane paradigm is a formalism for studying the event horizon of black holes. After analyzing it with some technical details…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-02 Tower Wang

We consider the dynamics of a d+1 space-time dimensional membrane defined by the event horizon of a black brane in (d+2)-dimensional asymptotically Anti-de-Sitter space-time and show that it is described by the d-dimensional incompressible…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-06 Christopher Eling , Itzhak Fouxon , Yaron Oz

We construct the membrane paradigm for black objects in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in spacetime dimensions $ \ge 5$. As in the case of general relativity, the horizon can be modeled as a membrane endowed with fluidlike properties. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-17 Ted Jacobson , Arif Mohd , Sudipta Sarkar

To an outside observer, a black hole's event horizon appears to behave exactly like a dynamical fluid membrane. We extend this membrane paradigm to black holes in general $f(R)$ theories of gravity. We derive the stress tensor and various…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 Saugata Chatterjee , Maulik Parikh , Sudipta Sarkar

The membrane paradigm approach to black hole physics introduces the notion of a stretched horizon as a fictitious time-like surface endowed with physical characteristics such as entropy, viscosity and electrical conductivity. We show that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-01-16 A. O. Starinets

Black hole membrane paradigm suggests to consider the black hole horizon as a fluid membrane. The membrane has a particular energy-momentum tensor which characterizes the interactions with the falling matter. In this paper, we show that we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-03 Jingbo Wang

The membrane paradigm is the remarkable view that, to an external observer, a black hole appears to behave exactly like a dynamical fluid membrane, obeying such pre-relativistic equations as Ohm's law and the Navier-Stokes equation. It has…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Maulik K. Parikh , Frank Wilczek

The membrane paradigm approach to black holes fixes in the vicinity of the event horizon a fictitious surface, the stretched horizon, so that the spacetime outside remains unchanged and the spacetime inside is vacuum. Using this powerful…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 José P. S. Lemos , Oleg B. Zaslavskii

The membrane paradigm of black holes is an effective theory that replaces the event horizon with a fictitious yet tangible fluid. It has provided us with valuable insights, especially in understanding the environment of black holes. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-17 Cagdas Ulus Agca , Bayram Tekin

One version of the membrane paradigm states that as far as outside observers are concerned, black holes can be replaced by a dissipative membrane with simple physical properties located at the stretched horizon. We demonstrate that such a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-01-20 Jan de Boer , Michal P. Heller , Natalia Pinzani-Fokeeva

The membrane paradigm approach adopts a timelike surface, stretched out off the null event horizon, to study several important black hole properties. We use this powerful tool to give a direct derivation of the black hole mass formula in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-28 José P. S. Lemos , Oleg B. Zaslavskii

Are there any degrees of freedom on the black hole horizon? Using the `membrane paradigm' we can reproduce coarse-grained physics outside the hole by assuming a fictitious membrane just outside the horizon. But to solve the information…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-01-25 Samir D. Mathur

One of the main predictions of general relativity is the existence of black holes featuring a horizon beyond which nothing can escape. Gravitational waves from the remnants of compact binary coalescences have the potential to probe new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-05 M. V. S. Saketh , Elisa Maggio

The requirement that a trapped spacetime domain forms in finite time for distant observers is logically possible and sometimes unavoidable, but its consequences are not yet fully understood. In spherical symmetry, the characterization of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-07 Daniel R. Terno

Several general arguments indicate that the event horizon behaves as a stretched membrane. We propose using this relation to understand gravity and dynamics of black objects in higher dimensions. We provide evidence that (i) the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Vitor Cardoso , Oscar J. C. Dias , Leonardo Gualtieri

This thesis addresses some classical and semi-classical aspects of black holes using an effective membrane representation of the event horizon. The classical "membrane paradigm" equations are derived from an underlying action formulation,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Maulik K. Parikh

We find the membrane equations which describe the leading order in $1/D$ dynamics of black holes in the $D\rightarrow\infty$ limit for the most general four-derivative theory of gravity in the presence of a cosmological constant. We work up…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-09-04 Aditya Kar , Taniya Mandal , Arunabha Saha

The membrane paradigm posits that black hole microstates are dynamical degrees of freedom associated with a physical membrane vanishingly close to the black hole's event horizon. The soft hair paradigm postulates that black holes can be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-19 D. Grumiller , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

For distant observers black holes are trapped spacetime domains bounded by apparent horizons. We review properties of the near-horizon geometry emphasizing the consequences of two common implicit assumptions of semiclassical physics. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-16 Robert B. Mann , Sebastian Murk , Daniel R. Terno
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