Related papers: Cooling jug physics
The inhomogeneous cooling state describing the hydrodynamic behavior of a freely evolving granular gas strongly confined between two parallel plates is studied, using a Boltzmann kinetic equation derived recently. By extending the idea of…
This paper examines the effect of cooling on disentanglement forces in polymers and the implications for both single chain pullout and polymer dynamics. I derive the explicit dependence of the distribution of these forces on temperature,…
Designing cooling protocols is believed to require knowledge of the system spectrum. In contrast, cooling in nature occurs whenever the system is coupled to a cold bath. How does nature know how to cool? A natural cold bath can be mimicked…
The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of a cold, vertical, arc-shaped control plate on the flow characteristics and forced convective heat transfer mechanism across a rotary oscillating, isothermally heated circular…
We consider the possibility of adding a stage to a dilution refrigerator to provide additional cooling by ``filtering out'' hot atoms. Three methods are considered: 1) Effusion, where holes having diameters larger than a mean-free path…
We measured Young's modulus at temperatures ranging from 20 to 100 ^{\circ}$C for a collagen fibril taken from rat's tendon. The hydration change under heating and the damping decrement were measured as well. At physiological temperatures…
We describe a simple approach to the problem of incorporating the response time of an atom or ion being Doppler-cooled into the theory of the cooling process. The system being cooled does not in general respond instantly to the changing…
In this paper we develop a method introduced by one of us to study metastable states in spin glasses. We consider a `potential function' defined as the free energy of a system at a given temperature $T$ constrained to have a fixed overlap…
A fundamental problem of glass transition is to explain the jump of heat capacity at the glass transition temperature $T_g$ without asserting the existence of a distinct solid glass phase. This problem is also common to other disordered…
This review presents an overview of the thermal properties of mesoscopic structures. The discussion is based on the concept of electron energy distribution, and, in particular, on controlling and probing it. The temperature of an electron…
We present a cooling method controlled by a physical cooling radius that defines a scale below which fluctuations are smoothed out while leaving physics unchanged at all larger scales. This method can be generally used as a gauge invariant…
We report the application of evaporative cooling to clouds of trapped antiprotons, resulting in plasmas with measured temperature as low as 9~K. We have modeled the evaporation process for charged particles using appropriate rate equations.…
When we lower the temperature of a liquid, at some point we meet a first order phase transition to the crystal. Yet, under certain conditions it is possible to keep the system in its metastable phase and to avoid crystallization. In this…
We study the problem of cooling a mechanical oscillator using the photothermal (bolometric) force. Contrary to previous attempts to model this system, we take into account the noise effects due to the granular nature of photon absorption.…
Supercooling of water can be easily studied with a simple apparatus suitable for the student laboratory. We describe such an apparatus and its capabilities. The parameters influencing supercooling include the initial temperature of the…
We show numeric evidence that, at low enough temperatures, the potential energy density of a glass-forming liquid fluctuates over length scales much larger than the interaction range. We focus on the behavior of translationally invariant…
Evaporative cooling of helium nanodroplets is studied with a statistical rate model that includes, for the first time, angular momentum conservation as a constraint on the accessible droplet states. It is found that while the final…
We develop a model for the thermodynamics and evaporation dynamics of aerosol droplets of a liquid such as water, surrounded by the gas. When the temperature and the chemical potential (or equivalently the humidity) are such that the vapour…
We show that, in nonequilibrium systems with small heat flows, there is a time-scale dependent effective temperature which plays the same role as the thermodynamical temperature, in that it controls the direction of heat flows and acts as a…
Problems related to unsaturated soils are frequently encountered in geotechnical or environmental engineering works. In most cases, for the purpose of simplicity, the problems are studied by considering the suction effects on volume change…