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Abstraction is key to scaling up reinforcement learning (RL). However, autonomously learning abstract state and action representations to enable transfer and generalization remains a challenging open problem. This paper presents a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Rashmeet Kaur Nayyar , Siddharth Srivastava

Abstraction reasoning is a long-standing challenge in artificial intelligence. Recent studies suggest that many of the deep architectures that have triumphed over other domains failed to work well in abstract reasoning. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Kecheng Zheng , Zheng-jun Zha , Wei Wei

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) enables robots to perform some intelligent tasks end-to-end. However, there are still many challenges for long-horizon sparse-reward robotic manipulator tasks. On the one hand, a sparse-reward setting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Guangming Wang , Minjian Xin , Wenhua Wu , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

Common approaches to Reinforcement Learning (RL) are seriously challenged by large-scale applications involving huge state spaces and sparse delayed reward feedback. Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) methods attempt to address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Jacob Rafati , David C. Noelle

Reinforcement learning algorithms have become more complex since the invention of target networks. Unfortunately, target networks have not kept up with this increased complexity, instead requiring approximate solutions to be computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Benjamin Parr

One major limitation to the applicability of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to many practical domains is the large number of samples required to learn an optimal policy. To address this problem and improve learning efficiency, we consider a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Roberto Cipollone , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Marco Favorito , Luca Iocchi , Fabio Patrizi

This paper proposes DeepSynth, a method for effective training of deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents when the reward is sparse and non-Markovian, but at the same time progress towards the reward requires achieving an unknown sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Natasha Yogananda Jeppu , Alessandro Abate , Tom Melham , Daniel Kroening

This paper provides an empirical evaluation of recently developed exploration algorithms within the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE). We study the use of different reward bonuses that incentives exploration in reinforcement learning. We do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Adrien Ali Taïga , William Fedus , Marlos C. Machado , Aaron Courville , Marc G. Bellemare

We consider an agent's uncertainty about its environment and the problem of generalizing this uncertainty across observations. Specifically, we focus on the problem of exploration in non-tabular reinforcement learning. Drawing inspiration…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Marc G. Bellemare , Sriram Srinivasan , Georg Ostrovski , Tom Schaul , David Saxton , Remi Munos

Sparse-reward reinforcement learning (RL) can model a wide range of highly complex tasks. Solving sparse-reward tasks is RL's core premise, requiring efficient exploration coupled with long-horizon credit assignment, and overcoming these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Leander Diaz-Bone , Marco Bagatella , Jonas Hübotter , Andreas Krause

A grand challenge in reinforcement learning is intelligent exploration, especially when rewards are sparse or deceptive. Two Atari games serve as benchmarks for such hard-exploration domains: Montezuma's Revenge and Pitfall. On both games,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Adrien Ecoffet , Joost Huizinga , Joel Lehman , Kenneth O. Stanley , Jeff Clune

To assist with everyday human activities, robots must solve complex long-horizon tasks and generalize to new settings. Recent deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods show promise in fully autonomous learning, but they struggle to reach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Shuo Cheng , Danfei Xu

Reinforcement learning has exceeded human-level performance in game playing AI with deep learning methods according to the experiments from DeepMind on Go and Atari games. Deep learning solves high dimension input problems which stop the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Yue Zheng

Decision-making in complex, continuous multi-task environments is often hindered by the difficulty of obtaining accurate models for planning and the inefficiency of learning purely from trial and error. While precise environment dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Jeff Jewett , Sandhya Saisubramanian

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) is commonly considered to suffer from non-stationary environments and exponentially increasing policy space. It would be even more challenging when rewards are sparse and delayed over long…

Recently, reinforcement learning has been successfully applied to the logical game of Go, various Atari games, and even a 3D game, Labyrinth, though it continues to have problems in sparse reward settings. It is difficult to explore, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Sungtae Lee , Sang-Woo Lee , Jinyoung Choi , Dong-Hyun Kwak , Byoung-Tak Zhang

Reinforcement learning can train policies that effectively perform complex tasks. However for long-horizon tasks, the performance of these methods degrades with horizon, often necessitating reasoning over and chaining lower-level skills.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Dhruv Shah , Peng Xu , Yao Lu , Ted Xiao , Alexander Toshev , Sergey Levine , Brian Ichter

Long-horizon contact-rich tasks are challenging to learn with reinforcement learning, due to ineffective exploration of high-dimensional state spaces with sparse rewards. The learning process often gets stuck in local optimum and demands…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Xiaofeng Mao , Yucheng Xu , Zhaole Sun , Elle Miller , Daniel Layeghi , Michael Mistry

There have been numerous breakthroughs with reinforcement learning in the recent years, perhaps most notably on Deep Reinforcement Learning successfully playing and winning relatively advanced computer games. There is undoubtedly an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Designing appropriate reward functions for Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches has been a significant problem, especially for complex environments such as Atari games. Utilizing natural language instructions to provide intermediate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Ziyuan Cao , Reshma Anugundanahalli Ramachandra , Kelin Yu