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Interactive reinforcement learning agents use human feedback or instruction to help them learn in complex environments. Often, this feedback comes in the form of a discrete signal that is either positive or negative. While informative, this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Tasmia Tasrin , Md Sultan Al Nahian , Habarakadage Perera , Brent Harrison

A good dialogue agent should have the ability to interact with users by both responding to questions and by asking questions, and importantly to learn from both types of interaction. In this work, we explore this direction by designing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Jiwei Li , Alexander H. Miller , Sumit Chopra , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Jason Weston

Training a task-completion dialogue agent via reinforcement learning (RL) is costly because it requires many interactions with real users. One common alternative is to use a user simulator. However, a user simulator usually lacks the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Baolin Peng , Xiujun Li , Jianfeng Gao , Jingjing Liu , Kam-Fai Wong , Shang-Yu Su

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents often exhibit learning behaviors that are not intuitively interpretable by human observers, which can result in suboptimal feedback in collaborative teaching settings. Yet, how humans perceive and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Bernhard Hilpert , Muhan Hou , Kim Baraka , Joost Broekens

Dialogue policy learning for task-oriented dialogue systems has enjoyed great progress recently mostly through employing reinforcement learning methods. However, these approaches have become very sophisticated. It is time to re-evaluate it.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Ziming Li , Julia Kiseleva , Maarten de Rijke

We develop a reinforcement learning based search assistant which can assist users through a set of actions and sequence of interactions to enable them realize their intent. Our approach caters to subjective search where the user is seeking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Milan Aggarwal , Aarushi Arora , Shagun Sodhani , Balaji Krishnamurthy

A common vision from science fiction is that robots will one day inhabit our physical spaces, sense the world as we do, assist our physical labours, and communicate with us through natural language. Here we study how to design artificial…

Reinforcement learning methods have been used to compute dialog policies from language-based interaction experiences. Efficiency is of particular importance in dialog policy learning, because of the considerable cost of interacting with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Yan Cao , Keting Lu , Xiaoping Chen , Shiqi Zhang

Most prior works on communication in multi-agent reinforcement learning have focused on emergent communication, which often results in inefficient and non-interpretable systems. Inspired by the role of language in natural intelligence, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Maxime Toquebiau , Jae-Yun Jun , Faïz Benamar , Nicolas Bredeche

When deploying autonomous agents in the real world, we need effective ways of communicating objectives to them. Traditional skill learning has revolved around reinforcement and imitation learning, each with rigid constraints on the format…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Mark Woodward , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman

Modern virtual personal assistants provide a convenient interface for completing daily tasks via voice commands. An important consideration for these assistants is the ability to recover from automatic speech recognition (ASR) and natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Shang-Wen Li , Jin Cao , Jared Casale , Peter Henderson , David Whitney , Alborz Geramifard

Interactive reinforcement learning has become an important apprenticeship approach to speed up convergence in classic reinforcement learning problems. In this regard, a variant of interactive reinforcement learning is policy shaping which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Francisco Cruz , Sven Magg , Yukie Nagai , Stefan Wermter

We are increasingly surrounded by artificially intelligent technology that takes decisions and executes actions on our behalf. This creates a pressing need for general means to communicate with, instruct and guide artificial agents, with…

Artificial intelligence systems increasingly involve continual learning to enable flexibility in general situations that are not encountered during system training. Human interaction with autonomous systems is broadly studied, but research…

This paper tackles the problem of learning a questioner in the goal-oriented visual dialog task. Several previous works adopt model-free reinforcement learning. Most pretrain the model from a finite set of human-generated data. We argue…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Yen-Wei Chang , Wen-Hsiao Peng

Building intelligent agents that can communicate with and learn from humans in natural language is of great value. Supervised language learning is limited by the ability of capturing mainly the statistics of training data, and is hardly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Haichao Zhang , Haonan Yu , Wei Xu

Embodied agents designed to assist users with tasks must engage in natural language interactions, interpret instructions, execute actions, and communicate effectively to resolve issues. However, collecting large-scale, diverse datasets of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Daniel Philipov , Vardhan Dongre , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Reinforcement learning (RL) -- algorithms that teach artificial agents to interact with environments by maximising reward signals -- has achieved significant success in recent years. These successes have been facilitated by advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Llewyn Salt , Marcus Gallagher

Humans are able to identify a referred visual object in a complex scene via a few rounds of natural language communications. Success communication requires both parties to engage and learn to adapt for each other. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Yan Zhu , Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris Metaxas

Learning a goal-oriented dialog policy is generally performed offline with supervised learning algorithms or online with reinforcement learning (RL). Additionally, as companies accumulate massive quantities of dialog transcripts between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Li Zhou , Kevin Small , Oleg Rokhlenko , Charles Elkan