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Percolation theory is extensively studied in statistical physics and mathematics with applications in diverse fields. However, the research is focused on systems with only one type of links, connectivity links. We review a recently…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-28 Amir Bashan , Shlomo Havlin

Communication networks, power grids, and transportation networks are all examples of networks whose performance depends on reliable connectivity of their underlying network components even in the presence of usual network dynamics due to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-26 Arman Mohseni-Kabir , Mihir Pant , Don Towsley , Saikat Guha , Ananthram Swami

We study the mutual percolation of a system composed of two interdependent random regular networks. We introduce a notion of distance to explore the effects of the proximity of interdependent nodes on the cascade of failures after an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-26 Yosef Kornbluth , Steven Lowinger , Gabriel Cwilich , Sergey V. Buldyrev

The stability of a complex system generally decreases with increasing system size and interconnectivity, a counterintuitive result of widespread importance across the physical, life, and social sciences. Despite recent interest in the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-20 A. Bradley Duthie

Many critical infrastructure systems have network structure and are under stress. Despite their national importance, the complexity of large-scale transport networks means we do not fully understand their vulnerabilities to cascade…

Robustness and cascading failures in interdependent systems has been an active research field in the past decade. However, most existing works use percolation-based models where only the largest component of each network remains functional…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-21 Yingrui Zhang , Alex Arenas , Osman Yağan

The instability introduced in a large scale-free network by the triggering of node-breaking avalanches is analyzed using the fiber-bundle model as conceptual framework. We found, by measuring the size of the giant component, the avalanche…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-16 Y. Moreno , J. B. Gómez , A. F. Pacheco

Percolation theory is an approach to study vulnerability of a system. We develop analytical framework and analyze percolation properties of a network composed of interdependent networks (NetONet). Typically, percolation of a single network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-01-07 Jianxi Gao , Sergey V. Buldyrev , H. Eugene Stanley , Xiaoming Xu , Shlomo Havlin

Interconnected networks have been shown to be much more vulnerable to random and targeted failures than isolated ones, raising several interesting questions regarding the identification and mitigation of their risk. The paradigm to address…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-10-01 Christian M. Schneider , Nuno A. M. Araújo , Hans J. Herrmann

Recent work in the area of interdependent networks has focused on interactions between two systems of the same type. However, an important and ubiquitous class of systems are those involving monitoring and control, an example of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-09-27 Richard G. Morris , Marc Barthelemy

We propose an interdependent random geometric graph (RGG) model for interdependent networks. Based on this model, we study the robustness of two interdependent spatially embedded networks where interdependence exists between geographically…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Jianan Zhang , Edmund Yeh , Eytan Modiano

We review selected results related to robustness of networked systems in finite and asymptotically large size regimes, under static and dynamical settings. In the static setting, within the framework of flow over finite networks, we discuss…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-17 Ketan Savla , Jeff S. Shamma , Munther A. Dahleh

Percolation is an emblematic model to assess the robustness of interconnected systems when some of their components are corrupted. It is usually investigated in simple scenarios, such as the removal of the system's units in random order, or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-03 Oriol Artime , Manlio De Domenico

Reasonably large perturbations may push a power grid from its stable synchronous state into an undesirable state. Identifying vulnerabilities in power grids by studying power grid stability against such perturbations can aid in preventing…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-08-26 Calvin Alvares , Soumitro Banerjee

Many real complex systems cannot be represented by a single network, but due to multiple sub-systems and types of interactions, must be represented as a multiplex network. This is a set of nodes which exist in several layers, with each…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-12-16 G. J. Baxter , D. Cellai , S. N. Dorogovtsev , A. V. Goltsev , J. F. F. Mendes

In this work, we propose an interdependent, multilayer network model and percolation process that matches infrastructures better than previous models by allowing some nodes to survive when their interdependent neighbors fail. We consider a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-10-04 Run-Ran Liu , Daniel A. Eisenberg , Thomas P. Seager , Ying-Cheng Lai

The functionality of nodes in a network is often described by the structural feature of belonging to the giant component. However, when dealing with problems like transport, a more appropriate functionality criterion is for a node to belong…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-02-03 Bnaya Gross , Ivan Bonamassa , Shlomo Havlin

Simple nonlinear dynamical systems with multiple stable stationary states are often taken as models for switchlike biological systems. This paper considers the interaction of multiple such simple multistable systems when they are embedded…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2008-04-10 Dennis Cates Wylie

An input-output model for networks with link uncertainty is developed. The main result presents a set of integral quadratic constraints (IQCs) that collectively imply robust stability of the uncertain network dynamics. The model dependency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Simone Mariano , Chung-Yao Kao , Michael Cantoni

In many systems consisting of interacting subsystems, the complex interactions between elements can be represented using multilayer networks. However percolation, key to understanding connectivity and robustness, is not trivially…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-11-04 G. J. Baxter , R. A. da Costa , S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes