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In this work, we introduce a novel approach for determining a joint sparse spectrum from several non-uniformly sampled data sets, where each data set is assumed to have its own, possibly disjoint, and only partially known, sampling times.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-07 David Svedberg , Filip Elvander , Andreas Jakobsson

We consider the estimation of a common period for a set of functions sampled at irregular intervals. The problem arises in astronomy, where the functions represent a star's brightness observed over time through different photometric…

Applications · Statistics 2016-04-15 James P. Long , Eric C. Chi , Richard G. Baraniuk

In this paper we present a multiresolution-based method for period determination that is able to deal with unevenly sampled data. This method allows us to detect superimposed periodic signals with lower signal-to-noise ratios than in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 X. Otazu , M. Ribo , J. M. Paredes , M. Peracaula , J. Nunez

This paper introduces the multiband periodogram, a general extension of the well-known Lomb-Scargle approach for detecting periodic signals in time-domain data. In addition to advantages of the Lomb-Scargle method such as treatment of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-14 Jacob T. VanderPlas , Zeljko Ivezic

We present a new method of extending the single band Analysis of Variance period estimation algorithm to multiple bands. We use SDSS Stripe 82 RR Lyrae to show that in the case of low number of observations per band and non-simultaneous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 Nicholas Mondrik , James P. Long , Jennifer L. Marshall

The detection of periodic signals in irregularly-sampled time series is a problem commonly encountered in astronomy. Traditional tools used for periodic searches, such as the periodogram, have poorly defined statistical properties under…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-13 A. Gúrpide , M. Middleton

Periodic nonuniform sampling is a known method to sample spectrally sparse signals below the Nyquist rate. This strategy relies on the implicit assumption that the individual samplers are exposed to the entire frequency range. This…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-01-27 Moshe Mishali , Yonina C. Eldar , Joel A. Tropp

Astronomical surveys produce time-series data by observing stellar objects across multiple wavelength bands. Foundational transformer-based models, such as Astromer, encode each time-series as a sequence of embeddings of uniform dimensions.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Gabriel Chiong , Ignacio Becker , Pavlos Protopapas

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will produce an unprecedented amount of light curves using six optical bands. Robust and efficient methods that can aggregate data from multidimensional sparsely-sampled time series are needed. In…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-21 Pablo Huijse , Pablo A. Estevez , Francisco Forster , Scott F. Daniel , Andrew J. Connolly , Pavlos Protopapas , Rodrigo Carrasco , Jose C. Principe

The ability to automatically and robustly self-verify periodicity present in time-series astronomical data is becoming more important as data sets rapidly increase in size. The age of large astronomical surveys has rendered manual…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-14 Niall Miller , Philip Lucas , Yi Sun , Zhen Guo , Calum Morris , William Cooper

Periodicity analysis of unevenly collected data is a relevant issue in several scientific fields. In astrophysics, for example, we have to find the fundamental period of light or radial velocity curves which are unevenly sampled…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Tagliaferri , A. Ciaramella , L. Milano , F. Barone , G. Longo

In order to study transient phenomena in the Universe, existing and forthcoming imaging surveys are covering wide areas of sky repeatedly over time, with a range of cadences, point spread functions, and depths. We describe here a framework…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-11 D. L. Shupe , F. J. Masci , R. Chary , G. Helou , A. L. Faisst , R. M. Cutri , T. Y. Brooke , J. A. Surace , K. A. Marsh

Many astrophysical phenomena are time-varying, in the sense that their brightness change over time. In the case of periodic stars, previous approaches assumed that changes in period, amplitude, and phase are well described by either…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-02 Giovanni Motta , Darlin Soto , Márcio Catelan

New time-series analysis tools are needed in disciplines as diverse as astronomy, economics and meteorology. In particular, the increasing rate of data collection at multiple wavelengths requires new approaches able to handle these data.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-05 C. E. Ferreira Lopes , N. J. G. Cross , F. Jablonski

Measuring the brightness of the night sky has become an increasingly important topic in recent years, as artificial lights and their scattering by the Earths atmosphere continue spreading around the globe. Several instruments and techniques…

In this letter, we propose a method for period estimation in light curves from periodic variable stars using correntropy. Light curves are astronomical time series of stellar brightness over time, and are characterized as being noisy and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-08 Pablo Huijse , Pablo A. Estévez , Pablo Zegers , José Príncipe , Pavlos Protopapas

Time-varying non-Euclidean random objects are playing a growing role in modern data analysis, and periodicity is a fundamental characteristic of time-varying data. However, quantifying periodicity in general non-Euclidean random objects…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-22 Jiazhen Xu , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou

Information from frequency bands in biomedical time series provides useful summaries of the observed signal. Many existing methods consider summaries of the time series obtained over a few well-known, pre-defined frequency bands of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-11 Raanju R. Sundararajan , Scott A. Bruce

We propose a new information theoretic metric for finding periodicities in stellar light curves. Light curves are astronomical time series of brightness over time, and are characterized as being noisy and unevenly sampled. The proposed…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-08 Pablo Huijse , Pablo A. Estevez , Pavlos Protopapas , Pablo Zegers , Jose C. Principe

In this paper, we consider multiple signals sharing same instantaneous frequencies. This kind of data is very common in scientific and engineering problems. To take advantage of this special structure, we modify our data-driven…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-09 Thomas Y. Hou , Zuoqiang Shi
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