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Inside-Out Planet Formation (IOPF) is a theory of {\it in situ} formation via pebble accretion of close-in Earth to Super-Earth mass planets at the pressure maximum associated with the dead zone inner boundary (DZIB), whose location is set…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Xiao Hu , Jonathan C. Tan

Inside-Out Planet Formation (IOPF; Chatterjee & Tan 2014, hereafter CT14) is a scenario for sequential in situ planet formation at the pressure traps of retreating dead zone inner boundaries (DZIBs) motivated to explain the many systems…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-15 Xiao Hu , Jonathan C. Tan , Sourav Chatterjee

Inside-Out Planet Formation (IOPF) proposes that the abundant systems of close-in Super-Earths and Mini-Neptunes form in situ at the pressure maximum associated with the Dead Zone Inner Boundary (DZIB). We present a model of physical and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-23 Arturo Cevallos Soto , Jonathan C. Tan , Xiao Hu , Chia-Jung Hsu , Catherine Walsh

The Kepler mission has discovered more than 4000 exoplanet candidates. Many are in systems with tightly packed inner planets. Inside-Out Planet Formation (IOPF) has been proposed to explain these systems. It involves sequential in situ…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-13 Xiao Hu , Zhaohuan Zhu , Jonathan C. Tan , Sourav Chatterjee

Inside-Out Planet Formation (IOPF) is a theory addressing the origin of Systems of Tightly-Packed Inner Planets (STIPs) via {\it in situ} formation and growth of the planets. It predicts that a pebble ring is established at the pressure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Maxwell X. Cai , Jonathan C. Tan , Simon Portegies Zwart

The Kepler-discovered Systems with Tightly-packed Inner Planets (STIPs), typically with several planets of Earth to super-Earth masses on well-aligned, sub-AU orbits may host the most common type of planets, including habitable planets, in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-23 Jonathan C. Tan , Sourav Chatterjee , Xiao Hu , Zhaohuan Zhu , Subhanjoy Mohanty

The compact multi-transiting planet systems discovered by Kepler challenge planet formation theories. Formation in situ from disks with radial mass surface density, $\Sigma$, profiles similar to the minimum mass solar nebula (MMSN) but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Sourav Chatterjee , Jonathan C. Tan

The compact multi-transiting systems discovered by Kepler challenge traditional planet formation theories. These fall into two broad classes: (1) formation further out followed by migration; (2) formation in situ from a disk of gas and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Sourav Chatterjee , Jonathan C. Tan

The formation of gas-giant planets within the lifetime of a protoplanetary disk is challenging especially far from a star. A promising model for the rapid formation of giant-planet cores is pebble accretion in which gas drag during…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 John Chambers

The large population of Earth to super-Earth sized planets found very close to their host stars has motivated consideration of $in$ $situ$ formation models. In particular, Inside-Out Planet Formation is a scenario in which planets coalesce…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Subhanjoy Mohanty , Marija R. Jankovic , Jonathan C. Tan , James E. Owen

Context: Pebble accretion is expected to be the dominant process for the formation of massive solid planets, such as the cores of giant planets and super-Earths. So, far, this process has been studied under the assumption that dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Alessandro Morbidelli

We demonstrate that planet formation via pebble accretion is sensitive to external photoevaporation of the outer disc. In pebble accretion, planets grow by accreting from a flux of solids (pebbles) that radially drift inwards from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-12 Lin Qiao , Gavin A. L. Coleman , Thomas J. Haworth

I examine the standard model of planet formation, including pebble accretion, using numerical simulations. Planetary embryos large enough to become giant planets do not form beyond the ice line within a typical disk lifetime unless icy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 J. E. Chambers

Observations of protoplanetary discs have revealed dust rings which are likely due to the presence of pressure bumps in the disc. Because these structures tend to trap drifting pebbles, it has been proposed that pressure bumps may play an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-09 Arnaud Pierens , Sean N. Raymond

The occurrence rate of cold Jupiters was found to depend on stellar mass. The formation environment in the protoplanetary disks regulates core formation and the subsequent gas accretion. In this study, we simulate giant planet formation via…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Sho Shibata , Ravit Helled

Recent detailed observations of protoplanetary discs revealed a lot of sub-structures which are mostly ring-like. One interpretation is that these rings are caused by growing planets. These potential planets are not yet opening very deep…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 Nelson Ndugu , Bertram Bitsch , Edward Jurua

The formation of super-Earths is strongly linked to the structure of the protoplanetary disc, which determines growth and migration. In the pebble accretion scenario, planets grow to the pebble isolation mass, at which the planet carves a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-02 Bertram Bitsch

Planet formation encompasses processes that span a remarkable 40 magnitudes in mass, ranging from collisions between micron-sized grains inherited from the ISM to the accretion of gas by giant planets. The planet formation process takes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Chris Ormel

The NASA Kepler mission has revealed an abundant class of Systems with Tightly-packed Inner Planets (STIPs). The current paradigm for planet formation suggests that small planetesimals will quickly spiral into the host star due to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-05 Aaron C. Boley , Eric B. Ford

The amount of nebular gas that a planet can bind is limited by its cooling rate, which is set by the opacity of its envelope. Accreting dust and pebbles contribute to the envelope opacity and, thus, influence the outcome of planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-15 M. G. Brouwers , C. W. Ormel , A. Bonsor , A. Vazan
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