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Coupled layer constructions are a valuable tool for capturing the universal properties of certain interacting quantum phases of matter in terms of the simpler data that characterizes the underlying layers. In the study of fracton phases,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-06 Pranay Gorantla , Abhinav Prem , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn , Dominic J. Williamson

Recent work has shown that two seemingly different physical mechanisms, namely fracton behavior and confinement, can give rise to non-ergodicity in one-dimensional quantum many-body systems. In this work, we demonstrate an intrinsic link…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-02-05 Shriya Pai , Michael Pretko

Fracton order is a new kind of quantum order characterized by topological excitations that exhibit remarkable mobility restrictions and a robust ground state degeneracy (GSD) which can increase exponentially with system size. In this paper,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-04-05 Kevin Slagle , Yong Baek Kim

Discrete Floquet time crystals (DFTC) are characterized by the spontaneous breaking of the discrete time-translational invariance characteristic of Floquet driven systems. In analogy with equilibrium critical points, also time-crystalline…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-17 Guido Giachetti , Andrea Solfanelli , Lorenzo Correale , Nicolò Defenu

As an unconventional realization of topological orders with an exotic interplay of topology and geometry, fracton (topological) orders feature subextensive topological ground state degeneracy and subdimensional excitations that are movable…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-08-12 Chengkang Zhou , Meng-Yuan Li , Zheng Yan , Peng Ye , Zi Yang Meng

Fracton topological order hosts fractionalized point-like excitations (e.g., fractons) that have restricted mobility. In this article, we explore even more bizarre realization of fracton phases that admit spatially extended excitations with…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-07-01 Meng-Yuan Li , Peng Ye

We review a burgeoning field of "fractons" -- a class of models where quasi-particles are strictly immobile or display restricted mobility that can be understood through generalized multipolar symmetries and associated conservation laws.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-08 Andrey Gromov , Leo Radzihovsky

The quantum robustness of fracton phases is investigated by studying the influence of quantum fluctuations on the X-Cube model and Haah's code, which realize a type-I and type-II fracton phase, respectively. To this end a finite uniform…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-02-26 M. Mühlhauser , M. R. Walther , D. A. Reiss , K. P. Schmidt

We introduce a class of gapped three-dimensional models, dubbed "cage-net fracton models," which host immobile fracton excitations in addition to non-Abelian particles with restricted mobility. Starting from layers of two-dimensional…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-04-19 Abhinav Prem , Sheng-Jie Huang , Hao Song , Michael Hermele

Fractal percolation exhibits a dramatic topological phase transition, changing abruptly from a dust-like set to a system spanning cluster. The transition points are unknown and difficult to estimate. In many classical percolation models the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Michael A. Klatt , Steffen Winter

Fractons are topological quasiparticles with limited mobility. While there exists a variety of models hosting these excitations, typical fracton systems require rather complicated many-particle interactions. Here, we discuss fracton…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-08-11 Max Hering , Han Yan , Johannes Reuther

We introduce "fractalization", a procedure by which spin models are extended to higher-dimensional "fractal" spin models. This allows us to interpret type-II fracton phases, fractal symmetry-protected topological phases, and more, in terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-28 Trithep Devakul , Dominic J. Williamson

We investigate analytically and numerically an Ising spin model with ferromagnetic coupling defined on random graphs corresponding to Feynman diagrams of a $\phi^q$ field theory, which exhibits a mean field phase transition. We explicitly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-04-21 Piotr Bialas , Andrzej K. Oleś

We study spin systems which exhibit symmetries that act on a fractal subset of sites, with fractal structures generated by linear cellular automata. In addition to the trivial symmetric paramagnet and spontaneously symmetry broken phases,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-01-16 Trithep Devakul , Yizhi You , F. J. Burnell , S. L. Sondhi

We study a model with fractional quantum numbers using Monte Carlo techniques. The model is composed of bosons interacting though a $Z_2$ gauge field. We find that the system has three phases: a phase in which the bosons are confined, a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-10-31 R. D. Sedgewick , D. J. Scalapino , R. L. Sugar

Fractal geometries, characterized by self-similar patterns and non-integer dimensions, provide an intriguing platform for exploring topological phases of matter. In this work, we introduce a theoretical framework that leverages isospectral…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 L. Eek , Z. F. Osseweijer , C. Morais Smith

Using a generalized cut vertex expansion we introduce the concept of an extended fracture function for the description of semi-inclusive deep inelastic processes in the target fragmentation region. Extended fracture functions are shown to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Grazzini , L. Trentadue , G. Veneziano

We study quantum phase transitions out of the fracton ordered phase of the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ X-cube model. These phase transitions occur when various types of sub-dimensional excitations and their composites are condensed. The condensed phases…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-11-18 Ethan Lake , Michael Hermele

We develop the hypothesis that the dynamics of a given system may lead to the activity being constricted to a subset of space, characterized by a fractal dimension smaller than the space dimension. We also address how the response function…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-15 Henrique A. Lima , Edwin E. Mozo Luis , Ismael S. S. Carrasco , Alex Hansen , Fernando A. Oliveira

Entanglement entropy provides a powerful characterization of two-dimensional gapped topological phases of quantum matter, intimately tied to their description by topological quantum field theories (TQFTs). Fracton topological orders are…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-03-08 Han Ma , A. T. Schmitz , S. A. Parameswaran , Michael Hermele , Rahul M. Nandkishore