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This paper investigates causal influences between agents linked by a social graph and interacting over time. In particular, the work examines the dynamics of social learning models and distributed decision-making protocols, and derives…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mert Kayaalp , Ali H. Sayed

We review and conceptualize recent advances in causal inference under network interference, drawing on a complex and diverse body of work that ranges from causal inference, statistical network analysis, economics, the health sciences, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-12 Subhankar Bhadra , Michael Schweinberger

In non-network settings, encouragement designs have been widely used to analyze causal effects of a treatment, policy, or intervention on an outcome of interest when randomizing the treatment was considered impractical or when compliance to…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-16 Hyunseung Kang , Guido Imbens

Design of experiments and estimation of treatment effects in large-scale networks, in the presence of strong interference, is a challenging and important problem. Most existing methods' performance deteriorates as the density of the network…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-15 Preetam Nandy , Kinjal Basu , Shaunak Chatterjee , Ye Tu

This study considers testing the specification of spillover effects in causal inference. We focus on experimental settings in which the treatment assignment mechanism is known to researchers. We develop a new randomization test utilizing a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-27 Tadao Hoshino , Takahide Yanagi

We consider the problem of how to assign treatment in a randomized experiment, in which the correlation among the outcomes is informed by a network available pre-intervention. Working within the potential outcome causal framework, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-19 Guillaume W. Basse , Edoardo M. Airoldi

When trying to maximize the adoption of a behavior in a population connected by a social network, it is common to strategize about where in the network to seed the behavior, often with an element of randomness. Selecting seeds uniformly at…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-22 Alex Chin , Dean Eckles , Johan Ugander

We address the problem of using observational data to estimate peer contagion effects, the influence of treatments applied to individuals in a network on the outcomes of their neighbors. A main challenge to such estimation is that homophily…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Irina Cristali , Victor Veitch

Randomized trials of infectious disease interventions, such as vaccines, often focus on groups of connected or potentially interacting individuals. When the pathogen of interest is transmissible between study subjects, interference may…

Applications · Statistics 2019-12-10 Daniel J. Eck , Olga Morozova , Forrest W. Crawford

Social influence cannot be identified from purely observational data on social networks, because such influence is generically confounded with latent homophily, i.e., with a node's network partners being informative about the node's…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-07 Edward McFowland , Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

Estimating the treatment effect within network structures is a key focus in online controlled experiments, particularly for social media platforms. We investigate a scenario where the unit-level outcome of interest comprises a series of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-28 Yilin Li , Lu Deng , Yong Wang , Wang Miao

Causal effect estimation in networked systems is central to data-driven decision making. In such settings, interventions on one unit can spill over to others, and in complex physical or social systems, the interaction pathways driving these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-27 Sadegh Shirani , Mohsen Bayati

It is widely believed that one's peers influence product adoption behaviors. This relationship has been linked to the number of signals a decision-maker receives in a social network. But it is unclear if these same principles hold when the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Soumajyoti Sarkar , Ashkan Aleali , Paulo Shakarian , Mika Armenta , Danielle Sanchez , Kiran Lakkaraju

Group-formation experiments, in which experimental units are randomly assigned to groups, are a powerful tool for studying peer effects in the social sciences. Existing design and analysis approaches allow researchers to draw inference from…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-02 Hui Xu , Guillaume Basse

Decision-making on networks can be explained by both homophily and social influence. While homophily drives the formation of communities with similar characteristics, social influence occurs both within and between communities. Social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Yan Leng , Tara Sowrirajan , Alex Pentland

Network interference has attracted significant attention in the field of causal inference, encapsulating various sociological behaviors where the treatment assigned to one individual within a network may affect the outcomes of others, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zhiheng Zhang , Zichen Wang

Network models are widely used to represent relational information among interacting units and the structural implications of these relations. Recently, social network studies have focused a great deal of attention on random graph models of…

Applications · Statistics 2010-10-06 Mark S. Handcock , Krista J. Gile

Online social networks are used to diffuse opinions and ideas among users, enabling a faster communication and a wider audience. The way in which opinions are conditioned by social interactions is usually called social influence. Social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Federico Corò , Emilio Cruciani , Gianlorenzo D'Angelo , Stefano Ponziani

I run Monte Carlo simulations of content production over random Watts-Strogatz graphs to show various effects relevant to modeling and understanding Randomized Controlled Trials on social networks: the network effect, spillover effect,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Márton Trencséni

The health effects of environmental exposures have been studied for decades, typically using standard regression models to assess exposure-outcome associations found in observational non-experimental data. We propose and illustrate a…

Applications · Statistics 2017-09-20 Marie-Abele C. Bind , Donald B. Rubin