English
Related papers

Related papers: Galactic Phylogenetics

200 papers

Phylogenetic diversity is a measure for describing how much of an evolutionary tree is spanned by a subset of species. If one applies this to the (unknown) subset of current species that will still be present at some future time, then this…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2009-09-29 Beata Faller , Fabio Pardi , Mike Steel

As researchers collect increasingly large molecular data sets to reconstruct the Tree of Life, the heterogeneity of signals in the genomes of diverse organisms poses challenges for traditional phylogenetic analysis. A class of phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-11 Liang Liu , Zhenxiang Xi , Shaoyuan Wu , Charles Davis , Scott V. Edwards

Context. Generative models open up the possibility to interrogate scientific data in a more data-driven way. Aims: We propose a method that uses generative models to explore hypotheses in astrophysics and other areas. We use a neural…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-12-06 Kevin Schawinski , M. Dennis Turp , Ce Zhang

Phylogenetic trees describe the evolutionary history of a group of present-day species from a common ancestor. These trees are typically reconstructed from aligned DNA sequence data. In this paper we analytically address the following…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-07-14 Mike Steel , Laszlo Szekely , Elchanan Mossel

I present an overview of the science goals and achievements of ongoing spectroscopic surveys of individual stars in the nearby Universe. I include a brief discussion of the development of the field of Galactic Archaeology - using the fossil…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-19 Rosemary F. G. Wyse

Phylogenetic approaches to classification have been heavily developed in biology by bioinformaticians. But these techniques have applications in other fields, in particular in linguistics. Their main characteristics is to search for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-07 Didier Fraix-Burnet

Phylogenetics uses alignments of molecular sequence data to learn about evolutionary trees relating species. Along branches, sequence evolution is modelled using a continuous-time Markov process characterised by an instantaneous rate…

Phylogenetic networks extend phylogenetic trees to allow for modeling reticulate evolutionary processes such as hybridization. They take the shape of a rooted, directed, acyclic graph, and when parameterized with evolutionary parameters,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-08-28 R. A. L. Elworth , H. A. Ogilvie , J. Zhu , L. Nakhleh

Phylogenetic inference, grounded in molecular evolution models, is essential for understanding the evolutionary relationships in biological data. Accounting for the uncertainty of phylogenetic tree variables, which include tree topologies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Takahiro Mimori , Michiaki Hamada

In this series of lectures I discuss the basic principles and the modelling of the chemical evolution of galaxies. In particular, I present models for the chemical evolution of the Milky Way galaxy and compare them with the available…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Matteucci

Phylogenetic diversity indices are commonly used to rank the elements in a collection of species or populations for conservation purposes. The derivation of these indices is typically based on some quantitative description of the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-26 Vincent Moulton , Andreas Spillner , Kristina Wicke

Phylogenetic algebraic geometry is concerned with certain complex projective algebraic varieties derived from finite trees. Real positive points on these varieties represent probabilistic models of evolution. For small trees, we recover…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Nicholas Eriksson , Kristian Ranestad , Bernd Sturmfels , Seth Sullivant

Metagenomics provides a powerful new tool set for investigating evolutionary interactions with the environment. However, an absence of model-based statistical methods means that researchers are often not able to make full use of this…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2013-06-27 John O'Brien , Xavier Didelot , Zamin Iqbal , LucasAmenga-Etego , Bartu Ahiska , Daniel Falush

Computer simulations are an important tool for studying the mechanics of biological evolution. In particular, in silico work with agent-based models provides an opportunity to collect high-quality records of ancestry relationships among…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Matthew Andres Moreno , Anika Ranjan , Emily Dolson , Luis Zaman

Phylogenetic trees provide a fundamental representation of evolutionary relationships, yet the combinatorial explosion of possible tree topologies renders inference computationally challenging. Classical approaches to characterizing tree…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-29 Samir Bhatt , John Sabol , Papri Dey , Matthew J. Penn , David Duchene , Ruriko Yoshida

Phylogenetic trees elucidate evolutionary relationships among species, but phylogenetic inference remains challenging due to the complexity of combining continuous (branch lengths) and discrete parameters (tree topology). Traditional Markov…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-30 ChenRui Duan , Zelin Zang , Siyuan Li , Yongjie Xu , Stan Z. Li

In this review I will discuss the comparison between model results and observational data for the Milky Way, the predictive power of such models as well as their limits. Such a comparison, known as Galactic archaeology, allows us to impose…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-08 Francesca Matteucci

Comparisons of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data across species can reveal links between cellular gene expression and the evolution of cell functions, features, and phenotypes. These comparisons invoke evolutionary histories, as…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-07 Samuel H. Church , Jasmine L. Mah , Casey W. Dunn

Phylogenetic placement refers to a family of tools and methods to analyze, visualize, and interpret the tsunami of metagenomic sequencing data generated by high-throughput sequencing. Compared to alternative (e. g., similarity-based)…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-09 Lucas Czech , Alexandros Stamatakis , Micah Dunthorn , Pierre Barbera

In evolutionary studies it is common to use phylogenetic trees to represent the evolutionary history of a set of species. However, in case the transfer of genes or other genetic information between the species or their ancestors has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton , Guillaume E. Scholz