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We review the current state of dynamical modeling for galaxies in terms of being able to measure both the central black hole mass and stellar orbital structure. Both of these must be known adequately to measure either property. The current…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karl Gebhardt

The observed binary black hole (BBH) mergers indicate a large Galactic progenitor population continuously evolving from large orbital separations and low gravitational wave (GW) frequencies to the final merger phase. We investigate the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-19 Xiao Fang , Todd A. Thompson , Christopher M. Hirata

Beginning from massive binaries in the Galaxy we evolve black-hole, neutron-star binaries and binary neutron stars, such as the Hulse-Taylor system PSR 1913+16. The new point in our evolution is a quantitative calculation of the accretion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Hans A. Bethe , G. E. Brown

The collapse of massive stars is one of the most-studied paths to black hole formation. In this chapter, we review black hole formation during the collapse of massive stars in the broader context of single and binary stellar evolution and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-20 Alexander Heger , Bernhard Müller , Ilya Mandel

Binary black holes occupy a special place in our quest for understanding the evolution of galaxies along cosmic history. If massive black holes grow at the center of (pre-)galactic structures that experience a sequence of merger episodes,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-03 M. Colpi , M. Dotti

The binary black hole mergers observed by LIGO-Virgo gravitational-wave detectors pose two major challenges: (i) how to produce these massive black holes from stellar processes; and (ii) how to bring them close enough to merge within the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-12 Karan Jani , Abraham Loeb

For massive black hole binaries produced in galactic mergers, we examine the possibility of inspiral induced by interaction with field stars. We model the evolution of such binaries for a range of galaxy core and binary parameters, using…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-01 Mohan Rajagopal , Roger W. Romani

When modeling the population of merging binary black holes, analyses have generally focused on characterizing the distribution of primary (i.e. more massive) black holes in the binary, while simplistic prescriptions are used for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-02 Amanda M. Farah , Maya Fishbach , Daniel E. Holz

Gravitational-wave observations have the capability to strongly differentiate between different assumptions for how binary compact objects form. In this work, we show how to carefully interpolate a marginal likelihood between choices of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-11 Vera Delfavero , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Krzysztof Belczynski , Paweł Drozda , Daniel Wysocki

We review the main physical processes that lead to the formation of stellar binary black holes (BBHs) and to their merger. BBHs can form from the isolated evolution of massive binary stars. The physics of core-collapse supernovae and the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-27 Michela Mapelli

Binary neutron-star mergers will predominantly produce black-hole remnants of mass $\sim 3-4\,M_{\odot}$, thus populating the putative \emph{low mass gap} between neutron stars and stellar-mass black holes. If these low-mass black holes are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-05 Anuradha Gupta , Davide Gerosa , K. G. Arun , Emanuele Berti , Will Farr , B. S. Sathyaprakash

We review the formation and evolution of compact binary stars consisting of white dwarfs (WDs), neutron stars (NSs), and black holes (BHs). Mergings of compact binary stars are expected to be the most important sources for the forthcoming…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-05-07 Konstantin Postnov , Lev Yungelson

The discovery via gravitational waves of binary black hole systems with total masses greater than $60M_\odot$ has raised interesting questions for stellar evolution theory. Among the most promising formation channels for these systems is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-19 Paul M. Ricker , Frank X. Timmes , Ronald E. Taam , Ronald F. Webbink

The inspiral and merger of two orbiting black holes is among the most promising sources for the first (hopefully imminent) direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs), and measurements of these signals could provide a wealth of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-18 Mark Hannam

Advanced LIGO achieved the first detection of the gravitational wave, which was from a merging binary black hole (BBH). In the near future, more merger events will be observed, and the mass distribution of them will become available. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-20 Michiko Fujii , Ataru Tanikawa , Junichiro Makino

The dynamical processes involving stellar-remnant black holes (BH) in stellar clusters has always drawn attention due to the BHs' potential in a number of astrophysical phenomena, especially the dynamical formation of binary black holes…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-18 Sambaran Banerjee

Stellar triples with massive stellar components are common, and can lead to sequential binary black-hole mergers. Here, we outline the evolution towards these sequential mergers, and explore these events in the context of gravitational-wave…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-27 Alejandro Vigna-Gómez , Silvia Toonen , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Nathan W. C. Leigh , Jeff Riley , Carl-Johan Haster

Stellar black hole (BH) binaries are one of the most promising gravitational wave (GW) sources for GW detection by the ground-based detectors. Nuclear star clusters (NCs) located at the centre of galaxies are known to harbour massive black…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-02-13 Jongsuk Hong , Hyung Mok Lee

Mergers of black-hole binaries are expected to release large amounts of energy in the form of gravitational radiation. However, binary evolution models predict merger rates too low to be of observational interest. In this paper we explore…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Portegies Zwart , Stephen McMillan

One of the crucial windows for distinguishing astrophysical black holes from primordial black holes is through the redshift evolution of their respective merger rates. The low redshift population of black holes of astrophysical origin is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-21 Suvodip Mukherjee , Joseph Silk