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Eigenvectors of large matrices (and graphs) play an essential role in combinatorics and theoretical computer science. The goal of this survey is to provide an up-to-date account on properties of eigenvectors when the matrix (or graph) is…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-14 Sean O'Rourke , Van Vu , Ke Wang

Monte Carlo matrix trace estimation is a popular randomized technique to estimate the trace of implicitly-defined matrices via averaging quadratic forms across several observations of a random vector. The most common approach to analyze the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-23 Lior Horesh , Vasileios Kalantzis , Yingdong Lu , Tomasz Nowicki

The problem of estimating the probability of a random process reaching a certain level is well known. In this article, two-sided estimates are established for the probability that a regenerative process reaches a high level. Two auxiliary…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Kateryna Akbash , Ivan Matsak , Oleg Zakusylo

Iterative methods with certified convergence for the computation of Gauss--Jacobi quadratures are described. The methods do not require a priori estimations of the nodes to guarantee its fourth-order convergence. They are shown to be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-24 A. Gil , J. Segura , N. M. Temme

Gauss quadrature integral approximation is extended to include integrals with a measure consisting of continuous as well as discrete components. That is, we give an approximation for the integral of a function plus its sum over a discrete…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-12 A. D. Alhaidari

In this paper, we discuss vector-valued Gaussian processes for the approximation of divergence- or rotation-free functions. We establish the theory for such Gaussian processes, then link the theory to multivariate approximation theory, and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Quoc Thong Le Gia , Ian Hugh Sloan , Holger Wendland

We study the regularity of densities of distributions that are polynomial images of the standard Gaussian measure on $\mathbb{R}^n$. We assume that the degree of a polynomial is fixed and that each variable enters to a power bounded by…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Egor Kosov

The main objective of this paper is to look from the unique point of view at some phenomena arising in different areas of probability theory and mathematical statistics. We will try to understand what is common between classical…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-01 Oleg Lepski

We generalize the classical calculus rules satisfied by functions of bounded variation to the framework of RCD spaces. In the infinite dimensional setting we are able to define an analogue of the distributional differential and on finite…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-11 Camillo Brena , Nicola Gigli

We derive computationally tractable methods to select a small subset of experiment settings from a large pool of given design points. The primary focus is on linear regression models, while the technique extends to generalized linear models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-21 Yining Wang , Adams Wei Yu , Aarti Singh

Based on a novel point of view on 1-dimensional Gaussian quadrature, we present a new approach to the computation of d-dimensional cubature formulae. It is well known that the nodes of 1-dimensional Gaussian quadrature can be computed as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ilan Degani , Jeremy Schiff , David Tannor

This paper addresses the statistical significance of structures in random data: Given a set of vectors and a measure of mutual similarity, how likely does a subset of these vectors form a cluster with enhanced similarity among its elements?…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-19 Marta Łuksza , Michael Lässig , Johannes Berg

We employ a multivariate extension of the Gauss quadrature formula, originally due to Berens, Schmid and Xu [BSX95], so as to derive cubature rules for the integration of symmetric functions over hypercubes (or infinite limiting…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-05 J. F. van Diejen , E. Emsiz

We show that probabilities of results of all possible measurements performing on a quantum system depend on the system's state only through its density matrix. Therefore all experimentally available information about the state contains in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-01 Alexey Nenashev

When an experimentalist measures a time series of qubits, the outcomes generate a classical stochastic process. We show that measurement induces high complexity in these processes in two specific senses: they are inherently unpredictable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-14 Ariadna E. Venegas-Li , Alexandra M. Jurgens , James P. Crutchfield

Bipartite experiments arise in various fields, in which the treatments are randomized over one set of units, while the outcomes are measured over another separate set of units. However, existing methods often rely on strong model…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-16 Sizhu Lu , Lei Shi , Yue Fang , Wenxin Zhang , Peng Ding

Weak values have been shown to be helpful especially when considering them as the outcomes of weak measurements. In this paper we show that in principle, the real and imaginary parts of the weak value of any operator may be elucidated from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Eliahu Cohen , Eli Pollak

Betting strategies are often expressed formally as martingales. A martingale is called integer-valued if each bet must be an integer value. Integer-valued strategies correspond to the fact that in most betting situations, there is a minimum…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-21 George Barmpalias , Rod G. Downey , Michael McInerney

In this paper we address the statistical problem of testing if a stationary process is Gaussian. The observation consists in a finite sample path of the process. Using a random projection technique introduced and studied in Cuesta-Albertos…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-11-19 Juan . A. Cuesta-Albertos , Fabrice Gamboa Alicia Nieto-Reyes

Large random matrices appear in different fields of mathematics and physics such as combinatorics, probability theory, statistics, operator theory, number theory, quantum field theory, string theory etc... In the last ten years, they…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alice Guionnet