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Related papers: Redesigning Bitcoin's fee market

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We initiate the study of transaction fee mechanism design for blockchain protocols in which multiple block producers contribute to the production of each block. Our contributions include: - We propose an extensive-form (multi-stage) game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Pranav Garimidi , Lioba Heimbach , Tim Roughgarden

The recently proposed Transaction Fee Mechanism (TFM) literature studies the strategic interaction between the miner of a block and the transaction creators (or users) in a blockchain. In a TFM, the miner includes transactions that maximize…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Sankarshan Damle , Varul Srivastava , Sujit Gujar

Bitcoin-NG, a scalable blockchain protocol, divides each block into a key block and many micro blocks to effectively improve the transaction processing capacity. Bitcoin-NG has a special incentive mechanism (i.e. splitting transaction fees…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Taotao Wang , Xiaoqian Bai , Hao Wang , Soung Chang Liew , Shengli Zhang

The growing integration of renewable energy sources necessitates adequate reserve capacity to maintain power balance. However, in market clearing, power companies with flexible resources may submit strategic bids to maximize profits,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Yun Xu , Yunxiao Bai , Yunyong Zhang , Peng Wang , Xuelin Wang , Jiqun Guo , Kaijun Xie , Rusheng Zhao

The Bitcoin protocol prescribes certain behavior by the miners who are responsible for maintaining and extending the underlying blockchain; in particular, miners who successfully solve a puzzle, and hence can extend the chain by a block,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Francisco J. Marmolejo-Cossío , Eric Brigham , Benjamin Sela , Jonathan Katz

We analyze the first and second moment risk premia in the Bitcoin market based on options and realized returns and contrast them to the premia embedded in the main US stock index market. First, Bitcoin is much more volatile and has a higher…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-04 Caio Almeida , Maria Grith , Ratmir Miftachov , Zijin Wang

This paper studies what Bitcoin (BTC) premiums in peer-to-peer (P2P) markets measure. Using transaction-level data from LocalBitcoins, we construct BTC premiums for 80 currencies relative to the U.S. dollar and relate them to blockchain…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-25 Yanan Niu

Motivated by the great success and adoption of Bitcoin, a number of cryptocurrencies such as Litecoin, Dogecoin, and Ethereum are becoming increasingly popular. Although existing blockchain-based cryptocurrency schemes can ensure reasonable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Jian Liu , Wenting Li , Ghassan O. Karame , N. Asokan

The Bitcoin cryptocurrency has received much attention recently. In the network of Bitcoin, transactions are recorded in a ledger. In this network, the process of recording transactions depends on some nodes called miners that execute a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Ali Nikhalat-Jahromi , Ali Mohammad Saghiri , Mohammad Reza Meybodi

We study the probabilistic distribution of the confirmation time of Bitcoin transactions, conditional on the current memory pool (i.e., the queue of transactions awaiting confirmation). The results of this paper are particularly interesting…

Performance · Computer Science 2018-10-22 David Koops

The goal of cryptocurrencies is decentralization. In principle, all currencies have equal status. Unlike traditional stock markets, there is no default currency of denomination (fiat), thus the trading pairs can be set freely. However, it…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-03-07 Di Zhang , Youzhou Zhou

This work is organized as follows. In the first section we review the prior work and we have obtained our data. Next, we will look at address reuse in the Bitcoin network. We show that a great portion of users reuse their addresses which…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Mohammad Sadegh Ebrahimi , Afshin Babveyh

Small operators who take part in secondary wireless spectrum markets typically have strict budget limits. In this paper, we study the bidding problem of a budget constrained operator in repeated secondary spectrum auctions. In existing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-08-29 Mehrdad Khaledi , Alhussein Abouzeid

Motivated by the problem of market power in electricity markets, we introduced in previous works a mechanism for simplified markets of two agents with linear cost. In standard procurement auctions, the market power resulting from the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-07-25 Benjamin Heymann , Alejandro Jofré

The Bitcoin network is burning a large amount of energy for mining. In this paper we estimate the lower bound for the global energy cost for a period of ten years from 2010, taking into account changing oil costs, improvements in hashing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Yo-Der Song , Tomaso Aste

Payment channel is a protocol which allows cryptocurrency users to route multiple transactions through network without committing them to the main blockchain network (mainnet). This ability makes them the most prominent solution to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-08 MohammadAmin Fazli , Seyed Moeen Nehzati , MohammadAmin Salarkia

Mining in proof-of-work blockchains has become an expensive affair requiring specialized hardware capable of executing several megahashes per second at huge electricity costs. Miners earn a reward each time they mine a block within the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Arti Vedula , Abhishek Gupta , Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) has become a critical issue for blockchain ecosystems, as it enables validators or block proposers to extract value by ordering, including or censoring users' transactions. This paper aims to present a formal…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Bruno Mazorra , Nicolás Della Penna

First-price auctions have many desirable properties, including uniquely possessing some, like credibility. However, first-price auctions are also inherently non-truthful, and non-truthfulness may result in instability and inefficiencies.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Johannes Brustle , Paul Dütting , Balasubramanian Sivan

Bitcoin is a decentralized crypto-currency, and an accompanying protocol, created in 2008. Bitcoin nodes continuously generate and propagate blocks---collections of newly approved transactions that are added to Bitcoin's ledger. Block…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-24 Ayelet Sapirshtein , Yonatan Sompolinsky , Aviv Zohar