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Novel constructions of empirical controllability and observability gramians for nonlinear systems for subsequent use in a balanced truncation style of model reduction are proposed. The new gramians are based on a generalisation of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marissa Condon , Rossen I. Ivanov

In this paper we propose a new Koopman operator approach to the decomposition of nonlinear dynamical systems using Koopman Gramians. We introduce the notion of an input-Koopman operator, and show how input-Koopman operators can be used to…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Zhiyuan Liu , Soumya Kundu , Lijun Chen , Enoch Yeung

In this paper, we present an empirical balanced truncation method for nonlinear systems with linear time-invariant input vector field components. First, we define differential reachability and observability Gramians. They are matrix valued…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Yu Kawano , Jacquelien M. A. Scherpen

We propose a model order reduction approach for balanced truncation of linear switched systems. Such systems switch among a finite number of linear subsystems or modes. We compute pairs of controllability and observability Gramians…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-07 Ion Victor Gosea , Mihaly Petreczky , Athanasios C. Antoulas , Christophe Fiter

We discuss balanced truncation model order reduction for large-scale quadratic-bilinear (QB) systems. Balanced truncation for linear systems mainly involves the computation of the Gramians of the system, namely reachability and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-02 Peter Benner , Pawan Goyal

Nonlinear dynamical systems are ubiquitous in science and engineering, yet analysis and prediction of these systems remains a challenge. Koopman operator theory circumvents some of these issues by considering the dynamics in the space of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-17 Mason Kamb , Eurika Kaiser , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Model order reduction is a technique that is used to construct low-order approximations of large-scale dynamical systems. In this paper, we investigate a balancing based model order reduction method for dynamical systems with a linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-11 Peter Benner , Pawan Goyal , Igor Pontes Duff

In this paper, we propose new algebraic Gramians for continuous-time linear switched systems, which satisfy generalized Lyapunov equations. The main contribution of this work is twofold. First, we show that the ranges of those Gramians…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-04 Igor Pontes Duff , Sara Grundel , Peter Benner

The design and analysis of optimal control policies for dynamical systems can be complicated by nonlinear dependence in the state variables. Koopman operators have been used to simplify the analysis of dynamical systems by mapping the flow…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Craig Bakker , Steven Rosenthal , Kathleen E. Nowak

The Koopman operator is an useful analytical tool for studying dynamical systems -- both controlled and uncontrolled. For example, Koopman eigenfunctions can provide non-local stability information about the underlying dynamical system.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-05-01 Craig Bakker , Thiagarajan Ramachandran , W. Steven Rosenthal

The Koopman operator allows for handling nonlinear systems through a (globally) linear representation. In general, the operator is infinite-dimensional - necessitating finite approximations - for which there is no overarching framework.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-23 Petar Bevanda , Stefan Sosnowski , Sandra Hirche

We develop a linear systems theory that coincides with the existing theories for continuous and discrete dynamical systems, but that also extends to linear systems defined on nonuniform time domains. The approach here is based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-03-03 John M. Davis , Ian A. Gravagne , Billy J. Jackson , Robert J. Marks

Koopman operators and transfer operators represent nonlinear dynamics in state space through its induced action on linear spaces of observables and measures, respectively. This framework enables the use of linear operator theory for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Claire Valva , Dimitrios Giannakis

Observability quantification is a key problem in dynamic network sciences. While it has been thoroughly studied for linear systems, observability quantification for nonlinear networks is less intuitive and more cumbersome. One common…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-03 Mohamad H. Kazma , Ahmad F. Taha

The Koopman operator approach provides a powerful linear description of nonlinear dynamical systems in terms of the evolution of observables. While the operator is typically infinite-dimensional, it is crucial to develop finite-dimensional…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Rishikesh Yadav , Alexandre Mauroy

Koopman analysis provides a general framework from which to analyze a nonlinear dynamical system in terms of a linear operator acting on an infinite-dimensional observable space. This theoretical framework provides a rigorous underpinning…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Dan Wilson

We consider the Bayesian approach to the linear Gaussian inference problem of inferring the initial condition of a linear dynamical system from noisy output measurements taken after the initial time. In practical applications, the large…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-29 Elizabeth Qian , Jemima M. Tabeart , Christopher Beattie , Serkan Gugercin , Jiahua Jiang , Peter R. Kramer , Akil Narayan

Time-dependent structural reliability analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems is non-trivial; subsequently, scope of most of the structural reliability analysis methods is limited to time-independent reliability analysis only. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-21 Navaneeth N. , Souvik Chakraborty

We consider the application of Koopman theory to nonlinear partial differential equations. We demonstrate that the observables chosen for constructing the Koopman operator are critical for enabling an accurate approximation to the nonlinear…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2016-07-26 J. Nathan Kutz , Joshua L. Proctor , Steven L. Brunton

The Koopman operator is a linear operator that describes the evolution of scalar observables (i.e., measurement functions of the states) in an infinitedimensional Hilbert space. This operator theoretic point of view lifts the dynamics of a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Gregory Snyder , Zhuoyuan Song
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