Related papers: Ward Identity and Scattering Amplitudes for Nonlin…
The construction of effective actions for Nambu-Goldstone bosons, and the nonlinear sigma model, usually requires a target coset space $G/H$. Recent progresses uncovered a new formulation using only IR data, without reference to $G/H$, by…
In this letter we discuss new soft theorems for the Goldstone boson amplitudes with non-vanishing soft limits. The standard argument is that the non-linearly realized shift symmetry leads to the vanishing of scattering amplitudes in the…
We show both the leading and subleading double soft theorems of the nonlinear sigma model follow from a shift symmetry enforcing Adler's zero condition in the presence of an unbroken global symmetry. They do not depend on the underlying…
Recently Sahoo and Sen obtained a series of remarkable results concerning sub-leading soft photon and graviton theorems in four dimensions. Even though the S- matrix is infrared divergent, they have shown that the sub-leading soft theorems…
High-energy limit of stringy Ward identities derived from the decoupling of two types of zero-norm states in the old covariant first quantized (OCFQ) spectrum of open bosonic string are used to check the consistency of saddle point…
We study the tree-level scattering of massless scalars followed by an emission of a soft graviton in the small compact region inside the static patch in de Sitter space. We derive in the small cosmological constant limit the perturbative…
Recently, the leading soft gluon theorem with single soft emission was shown to be the Ward identity of a two dimensional $\cal G$-Kac-Moody symmetry. In this note, we show that the leading soft gluon theorem can be interpreted as the Ward…
Soft theorems in gauge theory and gravity encode the universal properties of scattering amplitudes as the zero frequency limit of one or more external states is approached. When the participating particles are treated in the massless limit,…
We use the universality of single soft behavior, together with the double copy structure, to completely determine the tree amplitudes of non-linear sigma model (NLSM). We first figure out the Adler's zero for $4$-point NLSM amplitudes, by…
It is demonstrated that an infinite set of string-tree level on-shell Ward identities, which are valid to all sigma-model loop orders, can be systematically constructed without referring to the string field theory. As examples, bosonic…
In this paper, we study the scattering amplitudes and soft theorems for the sigma models with two scalars. We show that if the particles are Goldstone bosons, then you necessarily get Adler zero with no possibility for non-trivial soft…
Single-minus tree-level $n$-graviton scattering amplitudes are revisited. Often presumed to vanish, they are shown here to be nonvanishing for certain "half-collinear" configurations existing in Klein space or for complexified momenta. A…
Previous analyses of asymptotic symmetries in QED have shown that the subleading soft photon theorem implies a Ward identity corresponding to a charge generating divergent large gauge transformations on the asymptotic states at null…
Soft theorems describe the behavior of scattering amplitudes when one or several external particles are taken to be energetically soft. In tree-level gravity there are universal soft theorems for the three leading orders in the soft…
We investigate the relation between the subleading soft graviton theorem and asymptotic symmetries in gravity in even dimensions $d=2+2m$ higher than four. After rewriting the subleading soft graviton theorem as a Ward identity, we argue…
The symmetries of asymptotically flat spacetimes impose constraints on observables at infinity. The consequences of this have been extensively explored for S-matrix elements, where soft theorems are known to be equivalent to Ward identities…
We show that the subleading soft photon theorem in a $(d+2)$-dimensional massless abelian gauge theory gives rise to a Ward identity corresponding to divergent large gauge transformations acting on the celestial sphere at null infinity. We…
In [15] we proposed a generalization of the BMS group G which is a semidirect product of supertranslations and smooth diffeomorphisms of the conformal sphere. Although an extension of BMS, G is a symmetry group of asymptotically flat space…
The Ward identity in gauge theory constrains the behavior of the amplitudes. We discuss the Ward identity for amplitudes with a pair of shifted lines with complex momenta. This will induce a recursion relation identical to BCFW recursion…
We present strong evidence that the sub-subleading soft theorem in semi-classical (tree level) gravity discovered by Cachazo and Strominger is equivalent to the conservation of asymptotic charges associated to a new class of vector fields…