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During the 1960s, a small but vibrant community of cosmic ray physicists, pioneered novel optical methods of detecting extensive air showers (EAS) in the Earth's atmosphere with the prime objective of searching for point sources of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-14 David J. Fegan

Multi-target detection is one of the primary tasks in radar-based localization and sensing, typically built on phased array antennas. However, the bulky hardware in the phased array restricts its potential for enhancing detection accuracy,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-18 Xiaoyu Zhang , Haobo Zhang , Ruoqi Deng , Liang Liu , Boya Di

The present work discusses the development of the radio technique for detection of ultra-high energy air-showers induced by cosmic radiation, and the prospects of its application in the future multi-messenger activities, particularly for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-22 D. Kostunin

The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes aims to deploy an array of simplified, autonomous fluorescence telescopes over an area of $\sim60,000$ km$^{2}$ to observe ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The unprecedented size of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-28 Fraser Bradfield

The Telescope Array (TA) is the largest ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. Together with its extensions, TA Low Energy (TALE), TALE infill, and the TA$\times$4 array, it measures extensive air…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-20 Jihyun Kim

A successful ground array Radio Frequency (RF)-only self-trigger on 10 high-energy cosmic ray events is demonstrated with 256 dual-polarization antennas of the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array (OVRO-LWA). This RF-only…

The radio-frequency emissions produced by particle showers on Earth, resulting from cosmic rays (CRs) and ultra-high energy neutrinos (UHE-$\nu$) originating from astrophysical sources share significant similarities, enabling radio…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-19 Shoukat Ali , Dave Z. Besson for ARA Collaboration

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is an enhancement of the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina. Covering about View the $17\,$km$^2$, AERA is the world-largest antenna array for cosmic-ray observation. It consists of more than 150…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Frank G. Schröder

Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) are charged particles of energies above $10^{18}$ eV that originate outside of the Galaxy. Because the flux of the UHECRs at Earth is very small, the only practical way of observing UHECRs is by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-26 Valerio Verzi , Dmitri Ivanov , Yoshiki Tsunesada

Experiments that observe coherent radio emission from extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays are designed for a detailed study of the development of the electromagnetic part of air showers. Radio detectors can…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-21 Zbigniew Szadkowski

As radar sensors are being miniaturized, there is a growing interest for using them in indoor sensing applications such as indoor drone obstacle avoidance. In those novel scenarios, radars must perform well in dense scenes with a large…

Initial results of a project to detect the radio-frequency pulse associated with extensive air showers of cosmic rays are described briefly. This work is being performed at the CASA/MIA array in Utah, with the intention of designing…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan L. Rosner , John F. Wilkerson

In 1965 it was discovered that cosmic ray air showers emit impulsive radio signals at frequencies below 100 MHz. After a period of intense research in the 1960s and 1970s, however, interest in the detection technique faded almost…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 T. Huege

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays impinging onto the atmosphere induce huge cascades of secondary particles. The measurement of the energy radiated by these air showers in form of radio waves enables an accurate measurement of the cosmic-ray…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Christian Glaser

Astrophysical flares are one of the possible prominent source classes of ultra-high-energy (UHE, $E > 10^{17}$ eV) cosmic rays, which can be detected by recording clusters of extensive air showers in arrays of detectors. The search for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-01 Jaroslaw Stasielak , Chaitanya Priyadarshi , Dariusz Góra , Nataliia Borodai , Marcus Niechciol , Jan Pękala

To probe the cosmic particle flux at the highest energies, large volumes of dense material like ice have to be monitored. This can be achieved by exploiting the radio signal. In this work, we provide a macroscopic model to predict the radar…

We describe the experimental setup and the results of RAuger, a small radio-antenna array, consisting of three fully autonomous and self-triggered radio-detection stations, installed close to the center of the Surface Detector (SD) of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-14 The Pierre Auger Collaboration , S. Acounis , D. Charrier , T. Garçon , C. Rivière , P. Stassi

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an in-ice ultrahigh energy (UHE) neutrino experiment at the South Pole. ARA aims to detect the radio emissions from neutrino-induced particle showers using in-ice clusters of antennas buried ${\sim}200$ m…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-09 Marco Stein Muzio

In a recent Letter (Rimmer et al. 2014), Jupiter is presented as an efficient detector for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs), through measurement by an Earth-orbiting satellite of gamma rays from UHECRs showers produced in Jupiter's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Paolo Privitera , Pavel Motloch