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The increasing sophistication of encryption-based ransomware has demanded innovative approaches to detection and mitigation, prompting the development of a hierarchical framework grounded in probabilistic cryptographic analysis. By focusing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Kevin Pekepok , Persephone Kirkwood , Esme Christopolous , Florence Braithwaite , Oliver Nightingale

Selective classification techniques (also known as reject option) have not yet been considered in the context of deep neural networks (DNNs). These techniques can potentially significantly improve DNNs prediction performance by trading-off…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Yonatan Geifman , Ran El-Yaniv

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven to be quite effective in a vast array of machine learning tasks, with recent examples in cyber security and autonomous vehicles. Despite the superior performance of DNNs in these applications, it has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Qinglong Wang , Wenbo Guo , Kaixuan Zhang , Alexander G. Ororbia , Xinyu Xing , Xue Liu , C. Lee Giles

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries embed a hidden backdoor trigger during the training process for malicious prediction manipulation. These attacks pose great threats to the applications of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Junfeng Guo , Yiming Li , Xun Chen , Hanqing Guo , Lichao Sun , Cong Liu

Malicious URLs remain a primary vector for phishing, malware, and cyberthreats. This study proposes a hybrid deep learning framework combining \texttt{HashingVectorizer} n-gram analysis, SMOTE balancing, Isolation Forest anomaly filtering,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Berkani Khaled , Zeraoulia Rafik

This technical report presents a comprehensive analysis of malware classification using OpCode sequences. Two distinct approaches are evaluated: traditional machine learning using n-gram analysis with Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Varij Saini , Rudraksh Gupta , Neel Soni

Deep neural networks (DNNs) enable innovative applications of machine learning like image recognition, machine translation, or malware detection. However, deep learning is often criticized for its lack of robustness in adversarial settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel

The ubiquity of deep neural networks (DNNs), cloud-based training, and transfer learning is giving rise to a new cybersecurity frontier in which unsecure DNNs have `structural malware' (i.e., compromised weights and activation pathways). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 N. Benjamin Erichson , Dane Taylor , Qixuan Wu , Michael W. Mahoney

Recent years have seen an increasing involvement of Deep Learning in the cryptanalysis of various ciphers. The present study is inspired by past works on differential distinguishers, to develop a Deep Neural Network-based differential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Aayush Jain , Varun Kohli , Girish Mishra

File encrypting ransomware increasingly employs intermittent encryption techniques, encrypting only parts of files to evade classical detection methods. These strategies, exemplified by ransomware families like BlackCat, complicate file…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ynes Ineza , Gerald Jackson , Prince Niyonkuru , Jaden Kevil , Abdul Serwadda

In the modern era, malware is experiencing a significant increase in both its variety and quantity, aligning with the widespread adoption of the digital world. This surge in malware has emerged as a critical challenge in the realm of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Amaal F. Alshmarni , Mohammed A. Alliheedi

Malicious activities in cyberspace have gone further than simply hacking machines and spreading viruses. It has become a challenge for a nations survival and hence has evolved to cyber warfare. Malware is a key component of cyber-crime, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Muhammad Asam , Saddam Hussain Khan , Tauseef Jamal , Umme Zahoora , Asifullah Khan

Classification techniques can be used to analyze system behaviors, network protocols, and cryptographic primitives based on identifiable traits. While useful for defense, such classification can also be leveraged by attackers to infer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tushin Mallick , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Ashish Kundu , Ramana Kompella

Malicious attacks, malware, and ransomware families pose critical security issues to cybersecurity, and it may cause catastrophic damages to computer systems, data centers, web, and mobile applications across various industries and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mohammad Masum , Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Hossain Shahriar , Kai Qian , Dan Lo , Muhaiminul Islam Adnan

Deep neural networks perform well on classification tasks where data streams are i.i.d. and labeled data is abundant. Challenges emerge with non-stationary training data streams such as continual learning. One powerful approach that has…

Deep Learning algorithms have recently become the de-facto paradigm for various prediction problems, which include many privacy-preserving applications like online medical image analysis. Presumably, the privacy of data in a deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Manaar Alam , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay

Hardware imperfections in RF transmitters introduce features that can be used to identify a specific transmitter amongst others. Supervised deep learning has shown good performance in this task but using datasets not applicable to real…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-21 Cyrille Morin , Leonardo Cardoso , Jakob Hoydis , Jean-Marie Gorce , Thibaud Vial

Detecting packed executables is a critical step in malware analysis, as packing obscures the original code and complicates static inspection. This study evaluates both classical feature-based methods and deep learning approaches that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Ehab Alkhateeb , Ali Ghorbani , Arash Habibi Lashkari

Encrypted network traffic Classification tackles the problem from different approaches and with different goals. One of the common approaches is using Machine learning or Deep Learning-based solutions on a fixed number of classes, leading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Amir Lukach , Ran Dubin , Amit Dvir , Chen Hajaj

Backdoor attack is a common threat to deep neural networks. During testing, samples embedded with a backdoor trigger will be misclassified as an adversarial target by a backdoored model, while samples without the backdoor trigger will be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Zhen Xiang , Zidi Xiong , Bo Li