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In recent years, ALMA has been able to observe large-scale substructures within protoplanetary disks. Comparison with the predictions from models of planet-disk interaction has indicated that most of these disk substructures can be…
These days, while the landscape of discoveries at LHC has yet to be unveiled, planning for upgrades twenty years or more in advance towards a possible experimental scenario, might sound very imaginative and ambitious. Nevertheless, as plans…
Over the past decades and even centuries, the astronomical community has accumulated a signif-icant heritage of recorded observations of a great many astronomical objects. Those records con-tain irreplaceable information about long-term…
The Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) will transform our knowledge of the outer planets and their satellite systems; however the visibility of unique targets of opportunity with high scientific value will be reduced for northern objects.…
The global climate crisis poses new risks to humanity, and with them, new challenges to the practices of professional astronomy. Avoiding the more catastrophic consequences of global warming by more than 1.5 degrees requires an immediate…
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) can advance scientific frontiers beyond its groundbreaking 10-year survey. Here we explore opportunities for extended operations with proposal-based observing strategies, new filters, or…
The radio astronomical data analysis package CASA was selected to be the designated tool for observers to analyse the data from the Atacama Large mm/sub-mm Array (ALMA) which is under construction and has recently started taking its first…
Understanding the origin and evolution of the lunar volatile system is not only compelling lunar science, but also fundamental Solar System science. This white paper (submitted to the US National Academies' Decadal Survey in Planetary…
In this document we summarize the output of the US community planning exercises for particle physics that were performed between 2020 and 2023 and comment upon progress made since then towards our common scientific goals. This document…
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array offers an unprecedented view of our Sun at sub-/millimeter wavelengths. The high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution facilitates the measurement of gas temperatures and magnetic fields…
In December 2016, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) carried out the first regular observations of the Sun. These early observations and the reduction of the respective data posed a challenge due to the novelty and…
Over its more than thirty-year history, the Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation (ATI) program has provided grants to support technology development for ground-based astronomy. Research from this program has advanced adaptive optics,…
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is the premier telescope for sensitive, high-resolution observations at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. The array consists of fifty 12-m diameter antennas that can be…
The ESA gamma-ray observatory INTEGRAL, launched on 17 October 2002, continues to produce a wealth of discoveries and new results on compact high energy Galactic objects, nuclear gamma-ray line emission, diffuse line and continuum emission,…
The importance of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) to the study of high-redshift dusty gas-rich galaxies is described. ALMA will have dramatically greater sensitivity and angular resolution than existing millimetre(mm) and…
The ESA gamma-ray observatory INTEGRAL, launched on 17 October 2002, continues to produce a wealth of discoveries and new results on compact high energy Galactic objects,nuclear gamma-ray line emission, diffuse line and continuum emission,…
The digital revolution is transforming astronomy from a data-starved to a data-submerged science. Instruments such as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and the Square Kilometer Array…
Radio telescope arrays are interferometers and thus require coherent capture and processing of the signal from the astronomical source being observed. In ALMA this is accomplished by using a clock at each antenna for down-conversion and…
We describe updated scientific goals for the wide-field, millimeter-wave survey that will be produced by the Simons Observatory (SO). Significant upgrades to the 6-meter SO Large Aperture Telescope (LAT) are expected to be complete by 2028,…
We present a long-term overview of the atmospheric phase stability at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) site, using >5 years of data, that acts as the successor to the studies summarized two decades ago by Evans et al…