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Gas-phase molecules in cometary atmospheres (comae) originate primarily from (1) outgassing by the nucleus, (2) sublimation of icy grains in the near-nucleus coma, and (3) coma (photo-)chemical processes. However, the majority of cometary…

It is well known that some Main Belt asteroids show comet-like features. A representative example is the first known Main Belt comet 133P/(7968) Elst-Pizarro. If the mechanisms causing this activity are too weak to develop visually evident…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-23 S. Cikota , J. L. Ortiz , A. Cikota , N. Morales , G. Tancredi

Arecibo S-band (lambda=13cm) radar observations of Comet C/2001 A2 (LINEAR) on 2001 July 7-9 showed a strong echo from large coma grains. This echo was significantly depolarized. This is the first firm detection of depolarization in a…

A radial velocity study by Donati et al. (2016) reported the detection of a close-in giant planet in a 4.93 d orbit around the ~2 Myr old weak-lined T Tauri star V830 Tau. Because of the stringent timescale constraints that a very young…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Stephen L. Skinner , Manuel Guedel

Cliff collapses on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko expose relatively pristine nucleus matter and offer rare opportunities to characterise ice-rich comet material. Here, Microwave Instrument for \emph{Rosetta} Orbiter (MIRO) observations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-22 Björn J. R. Davidsson

We present estimates of the basic physical properties -- including size and albedo -- of the extreme Centaur 2013 AZ60. These properties have been derived from optical and thermal infrared measurements. Our optical measurements revealed a…

Non-resolved thermal infrared observations enable studies of thermal and physical properties of asteroid surfaces provided the shape and rotational properties of the target are well determined via thermo-physical models. We used…

(Abridged) We aim at measuring the near-infrared photometry, and deriving the mass, age, temperature, and surface gravity of WISE J085510.74-071442.5 (J0855-0714), which is the coolest known object beyond the Solar System as of today. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-03 M. R. Zapatero Osorio , N. Lodieu , V. J. S. Béjar , E. L. Martín , V. D. Ivanov , A. Bayo , H. M. J. Boffin , K. Mužić , D. Minniti , J. C. Beamín

We carried out photometric and spectroscopic observations of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 at the 6-m BTA telescope (SAO RAS, Russia) and the 1.6-m telescope of the National Laboratory for Astro-physics (LNA, Brazil) on February 20,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-22 O. V. Ivanova , I. V. Luk'yanyk , N. N. Kiselev , V. L. Afanasiev , E. Picazzi , O. Cavichia , A. A. de Almeida , S. M. Andrievsky

We report new interferometric angular diameter observations of 41 carbon stars observed with the Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI). Two of these stars are CH carbon stars and represent the first such measurements for this subtype. Of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Gerard T. van Belle , Claudia Paladini , Bernhard Aringer , Josef Hron , David R. Ciardi

We present the analysis of the polarimetric and spectral data obtained for the dynamically new comet C/2012\,J1 (Catalina) when it was at a distance of 3.17~AU from the Sun. The observations were made at the prime focus of the 6-m BTA…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 O. Ivanova , O. Shubina , A. Moiseev , V. Afanasiev

We present high-resolution HI 21 cm observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) for three HI rich galaxies in absorption against radio quasars. Our sample contains six sightlines with impact parameters from 2.6 to 32.4 kpc.…

Large-area surveys operating at mid-infrared wavelengths have proven to be a valuable means of discovering and characterizing minor planets. Through the use of radiometric models, it is possible to derive physical properties such as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 A. Mainzer , F. Usui , D. Trilling

We present infrared images and spectra of comets 2P/Encke, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and C/2001 HT50 (LINEAR-NEAT) as part of a larger program to observe comets inside of 5 AU from the sun with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The nucleus of…

Solar system objects with perihelia beyond the orbit of Jupiter ($q >$ 5 AU) are too cold for water ice to generate an appreciable coma via sublimation. Despite this, numerous high perihelion objects (HPOs) including many comets and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Jing Li , David Jewitt , Max Mutchler , Jessica Agarwal , Harold Weaver

We aim to study the excitation conditions of the molecular gas in the rotating disk of the Red Rectangle, the only post-Asymptotic-Giant-Branch object in which the existence of an equatorial rotating disk has been demonstrated. For this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 V. Bujarrabal , J. Alcolea

The close encounter of Comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) with Mars on October 19, 2014 presented an extremely rare opportunity to obtain the first flyby quality data of the nucleus and inner coma of a dynamically new comet. However, the…

Comet Hale--Bopp (C/1995 O1) has been the single most significant comet encountered by modern astronomy, still having displayed significant activity at 25.7 AU solar distance in late 2007. It is a puzzling question when and where this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Gy. M. Szabó , K. Sárneczky , L. L. Kiss

The potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) (99942) Apophis is one of the most remarkable near-Earth asteroids (NEA) in terms of impact hazard. A good determination of its surface thermal inertia is very important in order to evaluate the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-07 J. Licandro , T. Müller , C. Alvarez , V. Alí-Lagoa , M. Delbò

The study of cometary composition is important for understanding our solar system's early evolutionary processes. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a common hypervolatile in comets that can drive activity but is more difficult to study than other…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-03 Mikayla R. Huffman , Adam J. McKay , Anita L. Cochran