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We propose a microscopic quantum description for Hawking radiation as Andreev reflections, which resolves the quantum information paradox at black hole event horizons. The detailed microscopic analysis presented here reveals how a black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-11 Sreenath K. Manikandan , Andrew N. Jordan

In a recent paper [arXiv:2205.06279], Danielson et al. demonstrated that the mere presence of a black hole causes universal decoherence of quantum superpositions (dubbed the DSW decoherence). We analyze decoherence in a superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Eric J. Sung , Charles A. Stafford

This is a colloquium-style introduction to two electronic processes in a carbon monolayer (graphene), each having an analogue in relativistic quantum mechanics. Both processes couple electron-like and hole-like states, through the action of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 C. W. J. Beenakker

We report the study of ballistic transport in normal metal/graphene/superconductor junctions in edge-contact geometry. While in the normal state, we have observed Fabry-P\'{e}rot resonances suggesting that charge carriers travel…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-30 P. Pandey , R. Kraft , R. Krupke , D. Beckmann , R. Danneau

Andreev reflection occurs in a normal metal-superconductor junction, when an electron on the normal side can only be transmitted as a Cooper pair in the superconductor, with the reflection of a hole on the normal side. A similar phenomenon…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 K. Iyer , T. Martin , J. Rech , T. Jonckheere

Recent experiments have shown that the edge states of a quantum Hall sample can be coupled to a superconductor, so that incoming electrons in the edge states can be Andreev converted by the superconductor as coherent superpositions of an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Benjamin Roussel , Pablo Burset , Christian Flindt

We propose an analogy between the quantum physics of a black hole in its late stages of the evaporation process and a superfluid Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC), based on the Horowitz and Maldacena quantum final state projection model [JHEP…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-02 Sreenath K. Manikandan , Andrew N. Jordan

Coherent charge transport along ballistic paths can be introduced into graphene by Andreev reflection, for which an electron reflects from a superconducting contact as a hole, while a Cooper pair is transmitted. We use a liquid-helium…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 S. Bhandari , G. -H. Lee , K. Watanabe , T. Taniguchi , P. Kim , R. M. Westervelt

Sub-gap conductance at a large area junction with a rough interface of a ferromagnet and a high-T$_{C}$ superconductor is superimposed by multiple peaks which is not expected from an ideal point contact Andreev reflection process. We…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-03-25 N. Ghosh , H. Schmidt , M. Grundmann

We introduce quantum maps with particle-hole conversion (Andreev reflection) and particle-hole symmetry, which exhibit the same excitation gap as quantum dots in the proximity to a superconductor. Computationally, the Andreev maps are much…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ph. Jacquod , H. Schomerus , C. W. J. Beenakker

We study the reflection of electrons and quasiparticles on point-contact interfaces between fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states and normal metals (leads), as well as interfaces between two FQH states with mismatched filling fractions. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Nancy P. Sandler , Claudio de C. Chamon , Eduardo Fradkin

We theoretically propose the laser-induced Andreev reflection between two-component Fermi superfluid and normal states via spatially-uniform Rabi couplings. By analyzing the tunneling current between the superfluid and normal states up to…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2023-05-01 Tingyu Zhang , Hiroyuki Tajima , Yuta Sekino , Shun Uchino , Haozhao Liang

We have investigated the transmission of electrons and holes through interfaces between superconducting aluminum (Tc = 1.2 K) and various normal non-magnetic metals (copper, gold, palladium, platinum, and silver) using Andreev-reflection…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Kurt Gloos , Elina Tuuli

We have studied the interplay of Andreev reflection and cyclotron motion of quasiparticles at a superconductor-normal-metal interface with a strong magnetic field applied parallel to the interface. Bound states are formed due to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 H. Hoppe , U. Zuelicke , Gerd Schoen

Quantum Hall/superconductor junctions have been an attractive topic as the two macroscopically quantum states join at the interface. Despite longstanding efforts, however, experimental understanding of this system has not been settled yet.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-12-04 Yusuke Kozuka , Atsushi Sakaguchi , Joseph Falson , Atsushi Tsukazaki , Masashi Kawasaki

The tunneling spectrum of an electron and a hole in metal-superconductor-metal junctions is computed using the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk theory. The incident and the outgoing currents finally balance each other by an interface charge inside…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-08-20 W. LiMing , J. J. Ouyang , Liangbin Hu

We have investigated Andreev-reflection processes occurring at a clean interface between a $p$-type semiconductor and a conventional superconductor. Our calculations are performed within a generalized Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism where…

Superconductivity · Physics 2011-10-05 David Futterer , Michele Governale , Ulrich Zuelicke , Jürgen König

Electrons incident from a normal metal onto a superconductor are reflected back as holes - a process called Andreev reflection. In a normal metal where the Fermi energy is much larger than a typical superconducting gap, the reflected hole…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-04 D. K. Efetov , L. Wang , C. Handschin , K. B. Efetov , J. Shuang , R. Cava , T. Taniguchi , K. Watanabe , J. Hone , C. R. Dean , P. Kim

The recent development of superconducting spintronics has revealed the spin-triplet superconducting proximity effect from a spin-singlet superconductor into a spin-polarized normal metal. In addition recently superconducting junctions using…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-09-25 Sadashige Matsuo , Kento Ueda , Shoji Baba , Hiroshi Kamata , Mizuki Tateno , Javad Shabani , Christopher J. Palmstrøm , Seigo Tarucha

We study resonant tunneling through a superconducting double barrier structure in graphene as a function of the system parameters. At each barrier, due to the proximity effect, an incident electron can either reflect as an electron or a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Arijit Kundu , Sumathi Rao , Arijit Saha
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