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Compact bosonic field configurations, or boson stars, are promising dark matter candidates which have been invoked as an alternative description for the supermassive compact objects in active galactic nuclei. Boson stars can be comparable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-26 Caio F. B. Macedo , Paolo Pani , Vitor Cardoso , Luís C. B. Crispino

Can a dynamically robust bosonic star (BS) produce an (effective) shadow that mimics that of a black hole (BH)? The BH shadow is linked to the existence of light rings (LRs). For free bosonic fields, yielding mini-BSs, it is known that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-20 Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Alexandre M. Pombo , Eugen Radu , Pedro V. P. Cunha , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual

Ultracompact objects with light-rings (LRs) but without an event horizon could mimic black holes (BHs) in their strong gravity phenomenology. But are such objects dynamically viable? Stationary and axisymmetric ultracompact objects that can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-10 Pedro V. P. Cunha , Carlos Herdeiro , Eugen Radu , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual

In this paper, based on the action of a complex scalar field minimally coupled to a gravitational field, we numerically obtain a series of massive boson star solutions in a spherically symmetric background with a quartic-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-22 Guo-Ping Li , Meng-Qi Wu , Ke-Jian He , Qing-Quan Jiang

Strong gravitational lensing from black holes results in the formation of relativistic images, in particular, relativistic Einstein rings. For objects with event horizons, the radius of the unstable light ring (photon sphere) is the lowest…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-21 Rajibul Shaikh , Pritam Banerjee , Suvankar Paul , Tapobrata Sarkar

We show that in quadratic gravity sufficiently light objects must be horizonless and construct explicit analytic examples of horizonless ultracompact objects (UCOs), which are more compact than Schwarzschild black holes. Due to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-18 Alberto Salvio , Hardi Veermäe

Black hole mimickers (BHMs) are horizonless globally regular ultracompact relativistic self-gravitating objects (UCOs) of mass $M$ and radius $R$ with compactness $C = M/R$ higher than that of a neutron star and that produce an effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-20 Hodek M. García , Marcelo Salgado

This work devotes to investigate the dynamical emergence of black hole shadow from gravitational lensing in dynamical spacetime by using the collapsing boson star. Two characterized scenarios are adopted with or without considering the time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-19 Yu-Peng Zhang , Shao-Wen Wei , Yu-Xiao Liu

Fluid and ultralight bosonic dark matter can interact through gravity to form stable fermion-boson stars, which are static and regular mixed solutions of the Einstein-Euler-(complex, massive) Klein-Gordon system. In this work we study the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-27 Nicolas Sanchis-Gual , Paula Izquierdo

We review particle-like configurations of complex scalar field, localized by gravity, so-called boson stars. In the simplest case, these solutions posses spherical symmetry, they may arise in the massive Einstein-Klein-Gordon theory with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-14 Yakov Shnir

In this work, we construct spherically symmetric solutions of Bardeen--boson stars within the framework of the Einstein--Klein--Gordon theory coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics by employing numerical methods. Considering a thin accretion…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-16 Chen-Yu Yang , Huan Ye , Xiao-Xiong Zeng

There is accumulating evidence that (fundamental) scalar fields may exist in Nature. The gravitational collapse of such a boson cloud would lead to a boson star (BS) as a new type of a compact object. Similarly as for white dwarfs and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-03 Franz E. Schunck , Eckehard W. Mielke

We discuss boson stars as possible gravitational lenses and study the lensing effect by these objects made of scalar particles. The mass and the size of a boson star may vary from an individual Newtonian object similar to the Sun to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Mariusz P. Dabrowski , Franz E. Schunck

Boson stars have attracted much attention in recent decades as simple, self-consistent models of compact objects and also as self-gravitating structures formed in some dark-matter scenarios. Direct detection of these hypothetical objects…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 Miguel Bezares , Mateja Bošković , Steven Liebling , Carlos Palenzuela , Paolo Pani , Enrico Barausse

Black holes (BH) are among the most unusual and exciting physical objects. Besides being simultaneously Relativistic and quantum mechanical objects, which allows the discovery and/or tests of new physics, BHs also present a lack of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-27 Alexandre M. Pombo

Boson stars may consist of a new type of light singlet scalar particles with nontrivial self-interactions, and may compose a fraction of the dark matter in the Universe. In this work, we study the dynamics of boson stars with Liouville and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-18 Gongjun Choi , Hong-Jian He , Enrico D. Schiappacasse

Gravitational wave astronomy might allow us to detect the coalescence of low-brightness astrophysical compact objects which are extremely difficult to be observed with current electromagnetic telescopes. Besides classical sources like black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-04 Miguel Bezares , Carlos Palenzuela

We show that oscillating (real-scalar) boson stars can act as strictly periodic gravitational lenses and generically host an \emph{oscillating radial caustic}. Sources near this caustic cross it every half period, producing achromatic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-26 Xing-Yu Yang , Tan Chen , Rong-Gen Cai

Rotating fermion-boson stars are hypothetical celestial objects that consist of both fermionic and bosonic matter interacting exclusively through gravity. Bosonic fields are believed to arise in certain models of particle physics describing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-16 Jorge Castelo Mourelle , Christoph Adam , Juan Calderón Bustillo , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual

If ultralight bosonic fields exist in Nature as dark matter, superradiance spins down rotating black holes (BHs), dynamically endowing them with equilibrium bosonic clouds, here dubbed synchronised gravitational atoms (SGAs). The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-25 Nicolas Sanchis-Gual , Miguel Zilhão , Carlos Herdeiro , Fabrizio Di Giovanni , José A. Font , Eugen Radu
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