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This paper proposes a novel fluid antenna system (FAS)-enabled architecture to improve energy efficiency (EE) without sacrificing capacity. Specifically, we integrate FAS into cell-free massive MIMO systems to counteract low-resolution…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jun Qian , Ross Murch , Khaled B. Letaief

The use of low-resolution digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters (DACs and ADCs) significantly benefits energy efficiency (EE) at the cost of high quantization noise in implementing massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-16 Jinseok Choi , Jeonghun Park , Namyoon Lee

In this paper, energy efficient power control for the uplink two-tier networks where a macrocell tier with a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) base station is overlaid with a small cell tier is investigated. We propose a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Ningning Lu , Yanxiang Jiang , Fuchun Zheng , Xiaohu You

Cell-free Massive MIMO is considered as a promising technology for satisfying the increasing number of users and high rate expectations in beyond-5G networks. The key idea is to let many distributed access points (APs) communicate with all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm wherein users exchange FL models with a server instead of raw datasets, thereby preserving data privacy and reducing communication overhead. However, the increased number of FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Afsaneh Mahmoudi , Mahmoud Zaher , Emil Björnson

Nowadays, the use of soft computational techniques in power systems under the umbrella of machine learning is increasing with good reception. In this paper, we first present a deep learning approach to find the optimal configuration for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Davoud Yousefi , Hassan Yari , Farzad Osouli , Mohammad Ebrahimi , Somayeh Esmalifalak , Morteza Johari , Abbas Azarnezhad , Fatemeh Sadeghi , Rogayeh Mirzapour

In this paper, we consider power allocation and antenna activation of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CFmMIMO) systems. We first derive closed-form expressions for the system spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Phuong Nam Tran , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Hien Quoc Ngo , Markku Juntti

One main goal of 5G-and-beyond systems is to simultaneously serve many users, each having a requested spectral efficiency (SE), in an energy-efficient way. The network capacity cannot always satisfy all the SE requirements, for example,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Trinh Van Chien , Emil Björnson , Hien Quoc Ngo

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (Massive MIMO) has been realized as a promising technology for next generation wireless mobile communications, in which Spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) are two critical issues.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-04 Di Zhang , Zhenyu Zhou , Keping Yu , Takuro Sato

This paper proposes a multi-level cooperative architecture to balance the spectral efficiency and scalability of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In the proposed architecture, spatial expansion units (SEUs)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Jiamin Li , Xiaoyu Sun , Pengcheng Zhu , Dongming Wang , Xiaohu You

This paper investigates the joint power allocation and user association problem in multi-cell Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) downlink (DL) systems. The target is to minimize the total transmit power consumption when each user…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-08 Trinh Van Chien , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

We consider a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with multi-antenna access points and user equipments (UEs) over Weichselberger Rician fading channels with random phase-shifts. More specifically, we investigate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Xin Li , Jiayi Zhang , Zhe Wang , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

In this paper, we firstly derive two approximations of the achievable uplink rate with the perfect/imperfect channel state information (CSI) in cell-free massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, and all these approximations are not…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Pei Liu , Kai Luo , Da Chen , Tao Jiang

Relay nodes-enhanced architectures are deemed a viable solution to enhance coverage and capacity of nowadays cellular networks. Besides a number of desirable features, these architectures reduce the average distance between users and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-05-06 Mattia Minelli , Maode Ma , Marceau Coupechoux , Jean-Marc Kelif , Marc Sigelle , Philippe Godlewski

This paper focuses on energy-efficient coordinated multi-point (CoMP) downlink in multi-antenna multi-cell wireless communications systems. We provide an overview of transmit beamforming designs for various energy efficiency (EE) metrics…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Kien-Giang Nguyen , Oskari Tervo , Quang-Doanh Vu , Le-Nam Tran , Markku Juntti

With the evolution of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology toward extremely large (XL) MIMO systems comprising hundreds of, or more, antennas, this work investigates scalable and fronthaul-efficient reception design for the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Dogon Kim , Hyunmin Noh , Seok-Hwan Park

Cell-free (CF) massive MIMO offers uniform service via distributed access points (APs), which impose high deployment costs. A novel design called hierarchical cell-free (HCF) addresses this problem by replacing some APs with a central base…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Wei Jiang , Hans D Schotten

This paper aims to minimize the total transmit power consumption for Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) downlink cellular systems when each user is served by the optimized subset of the base stations (BSs). We derive a lower…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-08 Trinh Van Chien , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

Non-cooperative cellular massive MIMO, combined with power control, is known to lead to significant improvements in per-user throughput compared with conventional LTE technology. In this paper, we investigate further refinements to massive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Shahram Shahsavari , Mehrdad Nosrati , Parisa Hassanzadeh , Alexei Ashikhmin , Thomas L. Marzetta , Elza Erkip

Hybrid beamforming (HBF) and antenna selection are promising techniques for improving the energy efficiency~(EE) of massive multiple-input multiple-output~(mMIMO) systems. However, the transmitter architecture may contain several parameters…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-01 Hamed Hojatian , Zoubeir Mlika , Jérémy Nadal , Jean-François Frigon , François Leduc-Primeau