Related papers: Capacitive Deionization -- defining a class of des…
Many industrial and agricultural applications require the treatment of water streams containing high concentrations of ionic species for closing material cycles. High concentration factors are often desired, but hard to achieve with…
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a fast-emerging water desalination technology in which a small cell voltage of ~1 V across porous carbon electrodes removes salt from feedwaters via electrosorption. In flow-through electrode (FTE) CDI cell…
Water desalination by capacitive deionization (CDI) is performed via electrochemical cells consisting of two porous carbon electrodes. Upon transferring charge from one electrode to the other, ions are removed from the feedwater by…
Several harmful or valuable ionic species present in sea, brackish and wastewaters are amphoteric, and thus their properties depend on the local water pH. Effective removal of these species can be challenging by conventional membrane…
Capacitive Deionization (CDI) is a non-energy intensive water treatment technology. To harness the enormous potential of CDI requires improving performance, while offering industrially feasible solutions. Following this idea, the…
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a fast-emerging technology most commonly applied to brackish water desalination. In CDI, salt ions are removed from the feedwater and stored in electric double layers (EDLs) within micropores of electrically…
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a technology in which water is desalinated by ion electrosorption into the electric double layers (EDLs) of charging porous electrodes. In recent years significant advances have been made in modeling the…
We present porous electrode theory for capacitive deionization (CDI) with electrodes containing nanoparticles that consist of a redox-active intercalation material. A geometry of a desalination cell is considered which consists of two…
In the growing field of capacitive deionization (CDI), a number of performance metrics have emerged to describe the desalination process. Unfortunately, the separation conditions under which these metrics are measured are often not…
A two-scale model is presented to simulate the dynamic ion transport and adsorption processes in porous electrodes used for capacitive deionization (CDI). At the pore scale, the Stokes equation governing water flow in porous CDI electrodes…
Capacitive deionization (CDI) performance metrics can vary widely with operating methods. We here develop a theory around and experimentally demonstrate a new operation for CDI that uses sinusoidal forcing voltage (or sinusoidal current).…
The development of energy and infrastructure efficient water purification systems are among the most critical engineering challenges facing our society. Water purification is often a multi-step process involving filtration, desalination,…
Shock electrodialysis is a recently developed electrochemical water treatment method which shows promise for water deionization and ionic separations. Although simple models and scaling laws have been proposed, a predictive theory has not…
Freshwater scarcity demands desalination technologies that are efficient, scalable, and sustainable. Capacitive deionisation (CDI) is promising but remains limited by inefficient ion adsorption and poor charge utilisation. Here, we show…
Capacitive mixing (CAPMIX) and capacitive deionization (CDI) are promising candidates for harvesting clean, renewable energy and for the energy efficient production of potable water, respectively. Both CAPMIX and CDI involve water-immersed…
We describe a new principle - the Alkalinity Concentration Swing (ACS) - for direct air capture of carbon dioxide driven by concentrating an alkaline solution that has been exposed to the atmosphere and loaded with dissolved inorganic…
The rapid and efficient exchange of ions between porous electrodes and aqueous solutions is important in many applications, such as electrical energy storage by super-capacitors, water desalination and purification by capacitive…
We demonstrate the phenomenon of induced-charge capacitive deionization (ICCDI) that occurs around a porous and conducting particle immersed in an electrolyte, under the action of an external electric field. The external electric field…
Nanoporous carbon-based supercapacitors store electricity through adsorption of ions from the electrolyte at the surface of the electrodes. Room temperature ionic liquids, which show the largest ion concentrations among organic liquid…
We show that sustainably harvesting 'blue' energy from the spontaneous mixing process of fresh and salty water can be boosted by varying the water temperature during a capacitive mixing process. Our modified Poisson-Boltzmann calculations…