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In many applications of regression discontinuity designs, the running variable used by the administrator to assign treatment is only observed with error. We show that, provided the observed running variable (i) correctly classifies the…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-08-11 Yingying Dong , Michal Kolesár

Regression discontinuity designs assess causal effects in settings where treatment is determined by whether an observed running variable crosses a pre-specified threshold. Here we propose a new approach to identification, estimation, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-01 Dean Eckles , Nikolaos Ignatiadis , Stefan Wager , Han Wu

Identification in a regression discontinuity (RD) research design hinges on the discontinuity in the probability of treatment when a covariate (assignment variable) exceeds a known threshold. When the assignment variable is measured with…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-07 Zhuan Pei , Yi Shen

This note introduces a doubly robust (DR) estimator for regression discontinuity (RD) designs. RD designs provide a quasi-experimental framework for estimating treatment effects, where treatment assignment depends on whether a running…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-28 Masahiro Kato

We study regression discontinuity designs when covariates are included in the estimation. We examine local polynomial estimators that include discrete or continuous covariates in an additive separable way, but without imposing any…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-07-02 Sebastian Calonico , Matias D. Cattaneo , Max H. Farrell , Rocio Titiunik

Regression discontinuity (RD) designs with multiple running variables arise in a growing number of empirical applications, including geographic boundaries and multi-score assignment rules. Although recent methodological work has extended…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-04 Artem Samiahulin

The increasing popularity of regression discontinuity methods for causal inference in observational studies has led to a proliferation of different estimating strategies, most of which involve first fitting non-parametric regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-11 Guido Imbens , Stefan Wager

This paper deals with the problem of estimating a slope parameter in a simple linear regression model, where independent variables have functional measurement errors. Measurement errors in independent variables, as is well known, cause…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-10 Hisayuki Tsukuma

Background: Measurement errors in terms of quantification or classification frequently occur in epidemiologic data and can strongly impact inference. Measurement errors may occur when ascertaining, recording or extracting data. Although the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-22 Walter K Kremers

Errors in variables (Deming) regression of measurements spanning a wide range of values requires appropriate weighting to reflect nonconstant variance. Precision profile models, mathematical relationships between measurement variance and…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-06 Douglas M Hawkins , Jessica J Kraker

We propose a new estimation method for heterogeneous causal effects which utilizes a regression discontinuity (RD) design for multiple datasets with different thresholds. The standard RD design is frequently used in applied researches, but…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-05-14 Takayuki Toda , Ayako Wakano , Takahiro Hoshino

In randomised trials, continuous endpoints are often measured with some degree of error. This study explores the impact of ignoring measurement error, and proposes methods to improve statistical inference in the presence of measurement…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-30 Linda Nab , Rolf H. H. Groenwold , Paco M. J. Welsing , Maarten van Smeden

Errors-in-variables is a long-standing, difficult issue in linear regression; and progress depends in part on new identifying assumptions. I characterize measurement error as bad-leverage points and assume that fewer than half the sample…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-03-17 Eric Blankmeyer

We consider inference in regression discontinuity designs when the running variable only takes a moderate number of distinct values. In particular, we study the common practice of using confidence intervals (CIs) based on standard errors…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-26 Michal Kolesár , Christoph Rothe

A growing statistical literature focuses on causal inference in the context of experiments where the target of inference is the average treatment effect in a finite population and random assignment determines which subjects are allocated to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-04 Jonas M. Mikhaeil , Donald P. Green

Regression discontinuity (RD) is a widely used quasi-experimental design for causal inference. In the standard RD, the assignment to treatment is determined by a continuous pretreatment variable (i.e., running variable) falling above or…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-23 Fan Li , Andrea Mercatanti , Taneli Makinen , Andrea Silvestrini

The paper presents a construction of a quantitative measure of variability for parameter estimates in the data fitting problem under interval uncertainty. It shows the degree of variability and ambiguity of the estimate, and the need for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-12 Sergey P. Shary

Variance estimation is important for statistical inference. It becomes non-trivial when observations are masked by serial dependence structures and time-varying mean structures. Existing methods either ignore or sub-optimally handle these…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-03 Kin Wai Chan

Because of the advance in technologies, modern statistical studies often encounter linear models with the number of explanatory variables much larger than the sample size. Estimation and variable selection in these high-dimensional problems…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-06 Jun Shao , Xinwei Deng

Variance estimation in the linear model when $p > n$ is a difficult problem. Standard least squares estimation techniques do not apply. Several variance estimators have been proposed in the literature, all with accompanying asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-30 Stephen Reid , Robert Tibshirani , Jerome Friedman
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