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Statistical machine learning algorithms have achieved state-of-the-art results on benchmark datasets, outperforming humans in many tasks. However, the out-of-distribution data and confounder, which have an unpredictable causal relationship,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Changjie Lu

While spatio-temporal Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel at modeling recurring traffic patterns, their reliability plummets during non-recurring events like accidents. This failure occurs because GNNs are fundamentally correlational models,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Luyao Niu , Zepu Wang , Shuyi Guan , Yang Liu , Peng Sun

Causal discovery and inference from observational data is an essential problem in statistics posing both modeling and computational challenges. These are typically addressed by imposing strict assumptions on the joint distribution such as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-20 Enrico Giudice , Jack Kuipers , Giusi Moffa

Regression is typically treated as a curve-fitting process where the goal is to fit a prediction function to data. With the help of conditional generative adversarial networks, we propose to solve this age-old problem in a different way; we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Deddy Jobson , Eddy Hudson

Graph neural networks (GNNs) model nonlinear representations in graph data with applications in distributed agent coordination, control, and planning among others. Current GNN architectures assume ideal scenarios and ignore link…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-01 Zhan Gao , Elvin Isufi , Alejandro Ribeiro

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have advanced spatiotemporal forecasting by leveraging relational inductive biases among sensors (or any other measuring scheme) represented as nodes in a graph. However, current methods often rely on Recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Aref Einizade , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros , Jhony H. Giraldo

People can learn rich, general-purpose conceptual representations from only raw perceptual inputs. Current machine learning approaches fall well short of these human standards, although different modeling traditions often have complementary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Reuben Feinman , Brenden M. Lake

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are able to achieve high classification accuracy on many important real world datasets, but provide no rigorous notion of predictive uncertainty. Quantifying the confidence of GNN models is difficult due to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-10 Jase Clarkson

Causal reasoning is often challenging with spatial data, particularly when handling high-dimensional inputs. To address this, we propose a neural network (NN) based framework integrated with an approximate Gaussian process to manage spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Ziyang Jiang , Zach Calhoun , Yiling Liu , Lei Duan , David Carlson

We propose a novel machine learning approach for inferring causal variables of a target variable from observations. Our focus is on directly inferring a set of causal factors without requiring full causal graph reconstruction, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jang-Hyun Kim , Claudia Skok Gibbs , Sangdoo Yun , Hyun Oh Song , Kyunghyun Cho

This study investigates the behavior of Causal Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with quasi-linear activation functions when applied to time-series data characterized by multimodal frequency content. We demonstrate that, once trained,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Kiran Bacsa , Wei Liu , Xudong Jian , Huangbin Liang , Eleni Chatzi

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are state-of-the-art graph based representation learning models by iteratively stacking multiple layers of convolution aggregation operations and non-linear activation operations. Recently, in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Lei Chen , Le Wu , Richang Hong , Kun Zhang , Meng Wang

Neural processes are a family of models which use neural networks to directly parametrise a map from data sets to predictions. Directly parametrising this map enables the use of expressive neural networks in small-data problems where neural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-20 Wessel P. Bruinsma

The convolutional neural network (CNN) has become a basic model for solving many computer vision problems. In recent years, a new class of CNNs, recurrent convolution neural network (RCNN), inspired by abundant recurrent connections in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Jianfeng Wang , Xiaolin Hu

We propose a generative Causal Adversarial Network (CAN) for learning and sampling from conditional and interventional distributions. In contrast to the existing CausalGAN which requires the causal graph to be given, our proposed framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Raha Moraffah , Bahman Moraffah , Mansooreh Karami , Adrienne Raglin , Huan Liu

In this paper, we present an adaptation of the sequence-to-sequence model for structured output prediction in vision tasks. In this model the output variables for a given input are predicted sequentially using neural networks. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Georgia Gkioxari , Alexander Toshev , Navdeep Jaitly

The causal revolution has stimulated interest in understanding complex relationships in various fields. Most of the existing methods aim to discover causal relationships among all variables within a complex large-scale graph. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Hengrui Cai , Yixin Wang , Michael Jordan , Rui Song

Sound and complete algorithms have been proposed to compute identifiable causal queries using the causal structure and data. However, most of these algorithms assume accurate estimation of the data distribution, which is impractical for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Md Musfiqur Rahman , Murat Kocaoglu

Inspired by the success of WaveNet in multi-subject speech synthesis, we propose a novel neural network based on causal convolutions for multi-subject motion modeling and generation. The network can capture the intrinsic characteristics of…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Shuaiying Hou , Congyi Wang , Wenlin Zhuang , Yu Chen , Yangang Wang , Hujun Bao , Jinxiang Chai , Weiwei Xu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely employed for feature representation learning in molecular graphs. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the expressiveness of feature representation to ensure the effectiveness of GNNs. However, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Chengyu Yao , Hong Huang , Hang Gao , Fengge Wu , Haiming Chen , Junsuo Zhao