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The problem of learning functions over spaces of probabilities - or distribution regression - is gaining significant interest in the machine learning community. A key challenge behind this problem is to identify a suitable representation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-20 Dimitri Meunier , Massimiliano Pontil , Carlo Ciliberto

The minimum regularized covariance determinant method (MRCD) is a robust estimator for multivariate location and scatter, which detects outliers by fitting a robust covariance matrix to the data. Its regularization ensures that the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-08 Joachim Schreurs , Iwein Vranckx , Mia Hubert , Johan A. K. Suykens , Peter J. Rousseeuw

We introduce kernel density machines (KDM), an agnostic kernel-based framework for learning the Radon-Nikodym derivative (density) between probability measures under minimal assumptions. KDM applies to general measurable spaces and avoids…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-27 Andrea Della Vecchia , Damir Filipovic , Paul Schneider

In this article, we introduce a novel discrepancy called the maximum variance discrepancy for the purpose of measuring the difference between two distributions in Hilbert spaces that cannot be found via the maximum mean discrepancy. We also…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Natsumi Makigusa

Generative moment matching network (GMMN) is a deep generative model that differs from Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) by replacing the discriminator in GAN with a two-sample test based on kernel maximum mean discrepancy (MMD).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Chun-Liang Li , Wei-Cheng Chang , Yu Cheng , Yiming Yang , Barnabás Póczos

Kulldorff's (1997) seminal paper on spatial scan statistics (SSS) has led to many methods considering different regions of interest, different statistical models, and different approximations while also having numerous applications in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-13 Mingxuan Han , Michael Matheny , Jeff M. Phillips

An important feature of kernel mean embeddings (KME) is that the rate of convergence of the empirical KME to the true distribution KME can be bounded independently of the dimension of the space, properties of the distribution and smoothness…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Geoffrey Wolfer , Pierre Alquier

Maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) has been widely adopted in domain adaptation to measure the discrepancy between the source and target domain distributions. Many existing domain adaptation approaches are based on the joint MMD, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Wen Zhang , Dongrui Wu

This study intends to introduce kernel mean embedding of probability measures over infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces induced by functional response statistical models. The embedded function represents the concentration of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Saeed Hayati , Kenji Fukumizu , Afshin Parvardeh

A new robust pairwise statistic, the pairwise median scaled difference (MSD), is proposed for the detection of anomalous location/uncertainty pairs in heteroscedastic interlaboratory study data with associated uncertainties. The…

Applications · Statistics 2018-10-05 Stephen L. R. Ellison

We construct a Wasserstein gradient flow of the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) and study its convergence properties. The MMD is an integral probability metric defined for a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS), and serves as a metric on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-04 Michael Arbel , Anna Korba , Adil Salim , Arthur Gretton

The Wasserstein distance is a powerful metric based on the theory of optimal transport. It gives a natural measure of the distance between two distributions with a wide range of applications. In contrast to a number of the common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jung Hun Oh , Maryam Pouryahya , Aditi Iyer , Aditya P. Apte , Allen Tannenbaum , Joseph O. Deasy

The stochastic block model is a popular tool for detecting community structures in network data. Detecting the difference between two community structures is an important issue for stochastic block models. However, the two-sample test has…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-21 Kang Fu , Jianwei Hu , Seydou Keita , Hao Liu

To adapt kernel two-sample and independence testing to complex structured data, aggregation of multiple kernels is frequently employed to boost testing power compared to single-kernel tests. However, we observe a phenomenon that directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhijian Zhou , Xunye Tian , Liuhua Peng , Chao Lei , Antonin Schrab , Danica J. Sutherland , Feng Liu

Comparing probability distributions is a core challenge across the natural, social, and computational sciences. Existing methods, such as Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), struggle in high-dimensional and non-compact domains. Here we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Logan S. McCarty

We consider training a deep neural network to generate samples from an unknown distribution given i.i.d. data. We frame learning as an optimization minimizing a two-sample test statistic---informally speaking, a good generator network…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-18 Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Daniel M. Roy , Zoubin Ghahramani

Given $n$ observations from two balanced classes, consider the task of labeling an additional $m$ inputs that are known to all belong to \emph{one} of the two classes. Special cases of this problem are well-known: with complete knowledge of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-27 Patrik Róbert Gerber , Tianze Jiang , Yury Polyanskiy , Rui Sun

Conditional Maximum Mean Discrepancy (CMMD) can capture the discrepancy between conditional distributions by drawing support from nonlinear kernel functions, thus it has been successfully used for pattern classification. However, CMMD does…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Chuan-Xian Ren , Pengfei Ge , Dao-Qing Dai , Hong Yan

Kernel Stein discrepancy (KSD) is a widely used kernel-based measure of discrepancy between probability measures. It is often employed in the scenario where a user has a collection of samples from a candidate probability measure and wishes…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-13 George Wynne , Mikołaj Kasprzak , Andrew B. Duncan

Kernel-based modal statistical methods include mode estimation, regression, and clustering. Estimation accuracy of these methods depends on the kernel used as well as the bandwidth. We study effect of the selection of the kernel function to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-21 Ryoya Yamasaki , Toshiyuki Tanaka