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Understanding decision-making in clinical environments is of paramount importance if we are to bring the strengths of machine learning to ultimately improve patient outcomes. Several factors including the availability of public data, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Alex J. Chan , Ioana Bica , Alihan Huyuk , Daniel Jarrett , Mihaela van der Schaar

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

Exploration capacity shapes both inference-time performance and reinforcement learning (RL) training for large (vision-) language models, as stochastic sampling often yields redundant reasoning paths with little high-level diversity. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Rujiao Long , Yang Li , Xingyao Zhang , Weixun Wang , Tianqianjin Lin , Xi Zhao , Yuchi Xu , Wenbo Su , Junchi Yan , Bo Zheng

While model serving has unlocked unprecedented capabilities, the high cost of serving large-scale models continues to be a significant barrier to widespread accessibility and rapid innovation. Compiler optimizations have long driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Annabelle Sujun Tang , Christopher Priebe , Rohan Mahapatra , Lianhui Qin , Hadi Esmaeilzadeh

In this work we investigate meta-learning (or learning-to-learn) approaches in multi-task linear stochastic bandit problems that can originate from multiple environments. Inspired by the work of [1] on meta-learning in a sequence of linear…

In this work, we consider the problem of Quality-Diversity (QD) optimization with multiple objectives. QD algorithms have been proposed to search for a large collection of both diverse and high-performing solutions instead of a single set…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Thomas Pierrot , Guillaume Richard , Karim Beguir , Antoine Cully

Imitation learning uses data for training policies to solve complex tasks. However, when the training data is collected from human demonstrators, it often leads to multimodal distributions because of the variability in human actions. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Denis Blessing , Onur Celik , Xiaogang Jia , Moritz Reuss , Maximilian Xiling Li , Rudolf Lioutikov , Gerhard Neumann

In this paper, we introduce the MLM (Multiple Languages and Modalities) dataset - a new resource to train and evaluate multitask systems on samples in multiple modalities and three languages. The generation process and inclusion of semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Jason Armitage , Endri Kacupaj , Golsa Tahmasebzadeh , Swati , Maria Maleshkova , Ralph Ewerth , Jens Lehmann

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, exhibit strong zero-shot generalization, yet remain highly vulnerable to imperceptible adversarial perturbations, raising serious safety concerns for open-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xin Wang , Yixu Wang , Jiaming Zhang , Ruofan Wang , Jiaqi Yu , Kai Chen , Jingjing Chen , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Optimization of LLM training and inference configurations, such as hyperparameters, data mixtures, and prompts, is critical to performance, but it is often approached heuristically in practice, leading to potentially suboptimal outcomes. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ruth Wan Theng Chew , Zhiliang Chen , Apivich Hemachandra , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Artificial Intelligence has gained a lot of traction in the recent years, with machine learning notably starting to see more applications across a varied range of fields. One specific machine learning application that is of interest to us…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Teodor Rares Begu

Imbalanced learning is a fundamental challenge in data mining, where there is a disproportionate ratio of training samples in each class. Over-sampling is an effective technique to tackle imbalanced learning through generating synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Qiaoyu Tan , Sirui Ding , Na Zou , Xia Hu

As powerful pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP gain prominence, numerous studies have attempted to combine VLMs for downstream tasks. Among these, prompt learning has been validated as an effective method for adapting to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yu Du , Tong Niu , Rong Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a prevalent paradigm for training tool calling agents, which typically requires online interactive environments. Existing approaches either rely on training data with ground truth annotations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chenming Tang , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Weijie Liu , Junqiang Zheng , Saiyong Yang , Yunfang Wu

The remarkable progress of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has garnered unparalleled attention, due to their superior performance in visual contexts. However, their capabilities in visual math problem-solving remain insufficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Renrui Zhang , Dongzhi Jiang , Yichi Zhang , Haokun Lin , Ziyu Guo , Pengshuo Qiu , Aojun Zhou , Pan Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

Imitation learning is a central problem in reinforcement learning where the goal is to learn a policy that mimics the expert's behavior. In practice, it is often challenging to learn the expert policy from a limited number of demonstrations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Heyang Zhao , Xingrui Yu , David M. Bossens , Ivor W. Tsang , Quanquan Gu

Recent advances in reasoning with large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on complex mathematical tasks, including combinatorial optimization. Techniques such as Chain-of-Thought and In-Context Learning have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marylou Fauchard , Florian Carichon , Margarida Carvalho , Golnoosh Farnadi

The rapid expansion of modern wide-area networks (WANs) has made traffic engineering (TE) increasingly challenging, as traditional solvers struggle to keep pace. Although existing offline ML-driven approaches accelerate TE optimization with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xinyu Yuan , Yan Qiao , Zonghui Wang , Meng Li , Wenzhi Chen

Scaling test-time compute is a promising axis for improving LLM capabilities. However, test-time compute can be scaled in a variety of ways, and effectively combining different approaches remains an active area of research. Here, we explore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ryan Ehrlich , Bradley Brown , Jordan Juravsky , Ronald Clark , Christopher Ré , Azalia Mirhoseini

We introduce MLE-Dojo, a Gym-style framework for systematically reinforcement learning, evaluating, and improving autonomous large language model (LLM) agents in iterative machine learning engineering (MLE) workflows. Unlike existing…

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