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Spiking neural networks (SNNs) communicate via discrete spikes in time rather than continuous activations. Their event-driven nature offers advantages for temporal processing and energy efficiency on resource-constrained hardware, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Karol C. Jurzec , Tomasz Szydlo , Maciej Wielgosz

Neural networks for industrial applications generally have additional constraints such as response speed, memory size and power usage. Randomized learners can address some of these issues. However, hardware solutions can provide better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Matthew J. Felicetti , Dianhui Wang

Spiking Neural Network (SNN), originating from the neural behavior in biology, has been recognized as one of the next-generation neural networks. Conventionally, SNNs can be obtained by converting from pre-trained Artificial Neural Networks…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Yuhang Li , Shikuang Deng , Xin Dong , Shi Gu

The rising demand for energy-efficient edge AI systems (e.g., mobile agents/robots) has increased the interest in neuromorphic computing, since it offers ultra-low power/energy AI computation through spiking neural network (SNN) algorithms…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique

Due to the massive parallel computing capability and outstanding image and signal processing performance, cellular neural network (CNN) is one promising type of non-Boolean computing system that can outperform the traditional digital logic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-09-21 Chenyun Pan , Azad Naeemi

Hardware-based spiking neural networks (SNNs) are regarded as promising candidates for the cognitive computing system due to low power consumption and highly parallel operation. In this work, we train the SNN in which the firing time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Seongbin Oh , Dongseok Kwon , Gyuho Yeom , Won-Mook Kang , Soochang Lee , Sung Yun Woo , Jang Saeng Kim , Min Kyu Park , Jong-Ho Lee

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely employed to solve various problems, e.g., image classification. Due to their compute- and data-intensive nature, CNN accelerators have been developed as ASICs or on FPGAs. Increasing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Patrick Plagwitz , Frank Hannig , Jürgen Teich , Oliver Keszocze

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising energy-efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Despite this, bridging the performance gap with ANNs in practical scenarios remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ziqing Wang , Yuetong Fang , Jiahang Cao , Renjing Xu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been proposed as biologically plausible and energy-efficient alternatives to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, the training of SNN usually relies on surrogate gradients due to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Himanshu Udupi , Xiaocong Yang , ChengXiang Zhai

The enormous and ever-increasing complexity of state-of-the-art neural networks (NNs) has impeded the deployment of deep learning on resource-limited devices such as the Internet of Things (IoTs). Stochastic computing exploits the inherent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-11 Alireza Khadem

Recently ConvNets or convolutional neural networks (CNN) have come up as state-of-the-art classification and detection algorithms, achieving near-human performance in visual detection. However, ConvNet algorithms are typically very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Bert Moons , Bert De Brabandere , Luc Van Gool , Marian Verhelst

Spiking neural networks are efficient computation models for low-power environments. Spike-based BP algorithms and ANN-to-SNN (ANN2SNN) conversions are successful techniques for SNN training. Nevertheless, the spike-base BP training is slow…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Jianxiong Tang , Jianhuang Lai , Xiaohua Xie , Lingxiao Yang , Wei-Shi Zheng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) can be used in low-power and embedded systems (such as emerging neuromorphic chips) due to their event-based nature. Also, they have the advantage of low computation cost in contrast to conventional artificial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Ali Samadzadeh , Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaei Far , Ali Javadi , Ahmad Nickabadi , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently attracted significant research interest as the third generation of artificial neural networks that can enable low-power event-driven data analytics. The best performing SNNs for image recognition…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Bing Han , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan , Kaushik Roy

Ensuring energy-efficient design in neuromorphic computing systems necessitates a tailored architecture combined with algorithmic approaches. This manuscript focuses on enhancing brain-inspired perceptual computing machines through a novel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Ali Shiri Sichani , Sai Kankatala

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) exhibit significant potential due to their low energy consumption. Converting Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to SNNs is an efficient way to achieve high-performance SNNs. However, many conversion methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zihan Huang , Wei Fang , Tong Bu , Peng Xue , Zecheng Hao , Wenxuan Liu , Yuanhong Tang , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), inspired by biological intelligence, have long been considered inherently energy-efficient, making them attractive for resource-constrained domains such as space applications. However, recent comparative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Matthias Höfflin , Jürgen Wassner

Autonomous mobile agents require low-power/energy-efficient machine learning (ML) algorithms to complete their ML-based tasks while adapting to diverse environments, as mobile agents are usually powered by batteries. These requirements can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Shafique

Inspired by more detailed modeling of biological neurons, Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been investigated both as more biologically plausible and potentially more powerful models of neural computation, and also with the aim of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Bojian Yin , Federico Corradi , Sander M. Bohte

Memristor-based Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) with temporal spike encoding enable ultra-low-energy computation, making them ideal for battery-powered intelligent devices. This paper presents a circuit-level memristive spiking neural…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Santlal Prajapati , Susmita Sur-Kolay , Soumyadeep Dutta