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Calibration of the Air Shower Energy Scale of the Water and Air Cherenkov Techniques in the LHAASO experiment

The Wide Field-of-View Cherenkov Telescope Array (WFCTA) and the Water Cherenkov Detector Arrays (WCDA) of LHAASO are designed to work in combination for measuring the energy spectra of various cosmic ray species over a very wide energy…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 F. Aharonian , Q. An , Axikegu , L. X. Bai , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , H. Cai , J. T. Cai , Z. Cao Z. Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , X. C. Chang , B. M. Chen , J. Chen , L. Chen , L. Chen , L. Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , B. DEttorre Piazzoli , X. J. Dong , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , Z. X. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , Y. L. Feng , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , J. G. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. C. He , S. L. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. Hu , S. C. Hu , X. J. Hu , D. H. Huang , Q. L. Huang , W. H. Huang , X. T. Huang , Z. C. Huang , F. Ji , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , C. Jin , D. Kuleshov , K. Levochkin , B. B. Li , C. Li , C. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , J. Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , X. Li , X. Li , X. R. Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Z. Li , Z. Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. S. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Z. X. Liu , W. J. Long , R. Lu , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , A. Masood , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Montaruli , Y. C. Nan , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , D. Ruffolo , V. Rulev , A. Saiz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , J. R. Shi , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , B. D. Wang , C. Wang , H. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , J. S. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. N. Wang , W. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Y. P. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , X. Wu , X. F. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , G. Xiao , H. B. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. L. Xu , R. X. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. F. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , Z. K. Zeng , M. Zha , X. X. Zhai , B. B. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. W. Zhang , L. Zhang , L. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Y. L. Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , Y. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

Correcting Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope data with atmospheric profiles obtained with an elastic light detecting and ranging system

Context. We are operating an elastic LIDAR for the monitoring of atmospheric conditions during regular observations of the MAGIC Telescopes. Aims. We present and evaluate methods to convert aerosol extinction profiles, obtained with the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-26 Felix Schmuckermaier , Markus Gaug , Christian Fruck , Abelardo Moralejo , Alexander Hahn , Dijana Dominis Prester , Daniela Dorner , Lluís Font , Saša Mićanović , Razmik Mirzoyan , David Paneque , Lovro Pavletić , Julian Sitarek , Martin Will

Building Medium Size Telescope Structures for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future instrument in ground-based gamma-ray astronomy in the energy range from 20 GeV to 300 TeV. Its sensitivity will surpass that of current generation experiments by a factor $\sim$10,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-09 A. Schulz , M. Garczarczyk , L. Oakes , S. Schlenstedt , U. Schwanke , the CTA Consortium

Calibration of the Cherenkov Telescope Array using Cosmic Ray Electrons

Cosmic ray electrons represent a background for gamma-ray observations with Cherenkov telescopes, initiating air-showers which are difficult to distinguish from photon-initiated showers. This similarity, however, and the presence of cosmic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-16 R. D. Parsons , J. A. Hinton , H. Schoorlemmer

Gamma-Ray Burst Science in the Era of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

We outline the science prospects for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory operating at energies above few tens of GeV. With its low energy threshold, large…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Susumu Inoue , Jonathan Granot , Paul T. O'Brien , Katsuaki Asano , Aurelien Bouvier , Alessandro Carosi , Valerie Connaughton , Markus Garczarczyk , Rudy Gilmore , Jim Hinton , Yoshiyuki Inoue , Kunihito Ioka , Jun Kakuwa , Sera Markoff , Kohta Murase , Julian P. Osborne , A. Nepomuk Otte , Rhaana Starling , Hiroyasu Tajima , Masahiro Teshima , Kenji Toma , Stefan Wagner , Ralph A. M. J. Wijers , David A. Williams , Tokonatsu Yamamoto , Ryo Yamazaki

Cherenkov telescope array extragalactic survey discovery potential and the impact of axion-like particles and secondary gamma rays

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is about to enter construction phase and one of its main key science projects is to perform an unbiased survey in search of extragalactic sources. We make use of both the latest blazar gamma--ray…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-04 Andrea De Franco , Yoshiyuki Inoue , Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde , Garret Cotter

Mirror production for the Cherenkov telescopes of the ASTRI Mini-Array and of the MST project for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next ground-based $\gamma$-ray observatory in the TeV $\gamma$-ray spectral region operating with the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique. It is based on almost 70 telescopes of different class…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-04 N. La Palombara , G. Sironi , E. Giro , S. Scuderi , R. Canestrari , S. Iovenitti , M. Garczarczyk , M. Krause , S. Diebold , R. Millul , F. Marioni , N. Missaglia , M. Redaelli , G. Valsecchi , F. Zocchi , A. Zanoni , G. Pareschi

Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first Large Size Telescope prototype of CTA using a novel likelihood technique

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy aims at reconstructing the energy and direction of gamma rays from the extensive air showers they initiate in the atmosphere. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) collect the Cherenkov light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Gabriel Emery , Cyril Alispach , Mykhailo Dalchenko , Luca Foffano , Matthieu Heller , Teresa Montaruli

End-to-end data acquisition pipeline for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will operate several types of telescopes and cameras. The individual camera trigger rates will vary much - from 0.6 to 15 kHz - while the content of the raw data will be heterogeneous. Raw data streams of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 E. Lyard , R. Walter

Performance of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The next-generation ground-based gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will consist of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) of three different sizes distributed in two sites. The Large-Sized Telescopes will…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-21 Daniel Morcuende , Rubén López-Coto , Abelardo Moralejo , Seiya Nozaki , Thomas Vuillaume

Simulation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes with CORSIKA and sim_telarray

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) have resulted in a breakthrough in very-high energy (VHE) gamma-ray astrophysics. While early IACT installations faced the problem of detecting any sources at all, current instruments are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-19 Konrad Bernlohr

A Monte Carlo Template based analysis for Air-Cherenkov Arrays

We present a high-performance event reconstruction algorithm: an Image Pixel-wise fit for Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (ImPACT). The reconstruction algorithm is based around the likelihood fitting of camera pixel amplitudes to an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-20 R. D. Parsons , J. A. Hinton

Towards final characterisation and performance of the GCT prototype telescope structure for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope (GCT) is an innovative dual-mirror solution proposed for the Small Size Telescopes of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), capable of imaging the showers induced by cosmic gamma-rays with energies…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-22 Oriane Le Blanc , Gilles Fasola , Jean-Laurent Dournaux , Lucie Dangeon , Vincent Hocdé , Jean-Philippe Amans , Jean-Michel Huet , Isabelle Jégouzo , Philippe Laporte , Hélène Sol , Fatima De Frondat , Cédric Perennes , Johann Gironnet , Gilles Buchholtz , Abdel Abchiche

Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to the detection of a dark matter signal in comparison to direct detection and collider experiments

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) that are sensitive to potential $\gamma$-ray signals from dark matter (DM) annihilation above $\sim50$ GeV will soon be superseded by the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). CTA will have a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-10-11 Csaba Balázs , Jan Conrad , Ben Farmer , Thomas Jacques , Tong Li , Manuel Meyer , Farinaldo S. Queiroz , Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde

4 m Davies-Cotton telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next generation very high energy gamma-ray observatory. It will consist of three classes of telescopes, of large, medium and small sizes. The small telescopes, of 4 m diameter, will be dedicated to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 R. Moderski , J. A. Aguilar , A. Barnacka , A. Basili , V. Boccone , L. Bogacz , F. Cadoux , A. Christov , M. Della Volpe , M. Dyrda , A. Frankowski , M. Grudzińska , M. Janiak , M. Karczewski , J. Kasperek , W. Kochański , P. Korohoda , J. Kozioł , P. Lubiński , J. Ludwin , E. Lyard , A. Marszałek , J. Michałowski , T. Montaruli , J. Nicolau-Kukliński , J. Niemiec , M. Ostrowski , Ł. Płatos , P. J. Rajda , M. Rameez , W. Romaszkan , M. Rupiński , K. Seweryn , M. Stodulska , M. Stodulski , R. Walter , K. Winiarski , Ł. Wiśniewski , A. Zagdański , K. Zietara , P. Ziółkowski , P. Żychowski

The Cosmic Ray Background as a Tool for Relative Calibration of Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes

The atmosphere is an intrinsic part of any ground based Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope, and the telescope response is therefore sensitive to unpredictable changes in the atmospheric transparency which are difficult to measure and interpret…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. LeBohec , J. Holder

Quality assurance of actuators for the Medium-Sized Telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a future ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy providing unparalleled sensitivity in the energy range from 20 GeV up to 300 TeV. CTA will consist of telescopes with three different sizes.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-25 Heiko Salzmann , Jürgen Dick , Sebastian Diebold , Gerd Pühlhofer , Siegbert Renner , Andrea Santangelo , CTA MST Project

CTLearn: Deep Learning for Gamma-ray Astronomy

CTLearn is a new Python package under development that uses the deep learning technique to analyze data from imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope (IACT) arrays. IACTs use the Cherenkov light emitted from air showers, initiated by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-23 D. Nieto , A. Brill , Q. Feng , T. B. Humensky , B. Kim , T. Miener , R. Mukherjee , J. Sevilla

Monte Carlo comparison of mid-size telescope designs for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a future very high energy gamma-ray observatory. CTA will be comprised of small-, medium- and large-size telescopes covering an energy range from tens of GeV to hundreds of TeV and will surpass…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 T. Jogler , M. D. Wood , J. Dumm

A 1.8 m class pathfinder Raman LIDAR for the Northern Site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory -- Technical Design

This paper presents the technical design of the pathfinder Barcelona Raman LIDAR (pBRL) for the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO-N) located at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (ORM). The pBRL is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-20 Otger Ballester , Oscar Blanch , Joan Boix , Paolo G. Calisse , Anna Campoy-Ordaz , Sidika Merve Çolak , Vania Da Deppo , Michele Doro , Lluís Font , Eudald Font-Pladevall , Rafael Garcia , Markus Gaug , Roger Grau , Darko Kolar , Alicia López-Oramas , Camilla Maggio , Manel Martinez , Òscar Martínez , Victor Riu-Molinero , David Roman , Samo Stanič , Júlia Tartera-Barberà , Santiago Ubach , Marko Zavrtanik , Miha Živec