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Languages vary widely in how meanings map to word forms. These mappings have been found to support efficient communication; however, this theory does not account for systematic relations within word forms. We examine how a restricted set of…
Machine-translated text plays an important role in modern life by smoothing communication from various communities using different languages. However, unnatural translation may lead to misunderstanding, a detector is thus needed to avoid…
Language is a popular resource to mine speakers' attitude bias, supposing that speakers' statements represent their bias on concepts. However, psychology studies show that people's explicit bias in statements can be different from their…
When the meaning of a phrase cannot be inferred from the individual meanings of its words (e.g., hot dog), that phrase is said to be non-compositional. Automatic compositionality detection in multi-word phrases is critical in any…
Lexical ambiguity is widespread in language, allowing for the reuse of economical word forms and therefore making language more efficient. If ambiguous words cannot be disambiguated from context, however, this gain in efficiency might make…
There have been several efforts to extend distributional semantics beyond individual words, to measure the similarity of word pairs, phrases, and sentences (briefly, tuples; ordered sets of words, contiguous or noncontiguous). One way to…
With the widespread use of social networks, detecting the topics discussed on these platforms has become a significant challenge. Current approaches primarily rely on frequent pattern mining or semantic relations, often neglecting the…
Given the growing ubiquity of emojis in language, there is a need for methods and resources that shed light on their meaning and communicative role. One conspicuous aspect of emojis is their use to convey affect in ways that may otherwise…
How predictable a word is can be quantified in two ways: using human responses to the cloze task or using probabilities from language models (LMs).When used as predictors of processing effort, LM probabilities outperform probabilities…
This paper presents a linguistically driven proof of concept for finding potentially euphemistic terms, or PETs. Acknowledging that PETs tend to be commonly used expressions for a certain range of sensitive topics, we make use of…
We argue for a compositional semantics grounded in a strongly typed ontology that reflects our commonsense view of the world and the way we talk about it. Assuming such a structure we show that the semantics of various natural language…
Recent work in NLP shows that LSTM language models capture compositional structure in language data. For a closer look at how these representations are composed hierarchically, we present a novel measure of interdependence between word…
Bayesian inference systems should be able to explain their reasoning to users, translating from numerical to natural language. Previous empirical work has investigated the correspondence between absolute probabilities and linguistic…
One of the problems in part-of-speech tagging of real-word texts is that of unknown to the lexicon words. In Mikheev (ACL-96 cmp-lg/9604022), a technique for fully unsupervised statistical acquisition of rules which guess possible…
We test the hypothesis that the degree of grammaticalization of German prepositions correlates with their corpus-based contextual dispersion measured by word entropy. We find that there is indeed a moderate correlation for entropy, but a…
Data complexity is an important concept in the natural sciences and related areas, but lacks a rigorous and computable definition. In this paper, we focus on a particular sense of complexity that is high if the data is structured in a way…
In multilingual speech recognition systems, a situation can often arise when the language is not known in advance, but the signal has already been received and is being processed. For such cases, some generalized model is needed that will…
Experimental work regularly finds that individual choices are not deterministically rationalized by well-defined preferences. Nonetheless, recent work shows that data collected from many individuals can be stochastically rationalized by a…
Temporal information conveyed by language describes how the world around us changes through time. Events, durations and times are all temporal elements that can be viewed as intervals. These intervals are sometimes temporally related in…
Given a natural language phrase, relation linking aims to find a relation (predicate or property) from the underlying knowledge graph to match the phrase. It is very useful in many applications, such as natural language question answering,…