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Photons entangled in their position-momentum degrees of freedom (DoFs) serve as an elegant manifestation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox, while also enhancing quantum technologies for communication, imaging, and computation. The…

All our former experience with application of quantum theory seems to say: {\it what is predicted by quantum formalism must occur in laboratory}. But the essence of quantum formalism - entanglement, recognized by Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-02 Ryszard Horodecki , Pawel Horodecki , Michal Horodecki , Karol Horodecki

Entanglement measures quantify nonclassical correlations present in a quantum system, but can be extremely difficult to calculate, even more so, when information on its state is limited. Here, we consider broad families of entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Matteo Fadel , Ayaka Usui , Marcus Huber , Nicolai Friis , Giuseppe Vitagliano

We review methods that allow one to detect and characterise quantum correlations in many-body systems, with a special focus on approaches which are scalable. Namely, those applicable to systems with many degrees of freedom, without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Irénée Frérot , Matteo Fadel , Maciej Lewenstein

Quantum entanglement is the ability of joint quantum systems to possess global properties (correlation among systems) even when subsystems have no definite individual property. Whilst the 2-dimensional (qubit) case is well-understood,…

The detection and certification of entanglement and quantum correlations in materials is of fundamental and far-reaching importance, and has seen significant recent progress. It impacts both our understanding of the basic science of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Pontus Laurell , Allen Scheie , Elbio Dagotto , D. Alan Tennant

Rapidly growing capabilities of quantum simulators to probe quantum many-body phenomena require new methods to characterize increasingly complex states. We present a protocol that constrains quantum states by experimentally measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Henry Froland , Torsten V. Zache , Robert Ott , Niklas Mueller

The verification and quantification of experimentally created entanglement by simple measurements, especially between distant particles, is an important basic task in quantum processing. When composite systems are subjected to local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. M. R. Audenaert , M. B. Plenio

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement is of special importance not only for fundamental research in quantum mechanics, but also for quantum information processing. Establishing EPR entanglement between two memory systems, such as…

We review studies of entanglement entropy in systems with quenched randomness, concentrating on universal behavior at strongly random quantum critical points. The disorder-averaged entanglement entropy provides insight into the quantum…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-13 Gil Refael , Joel E. Moore

Quantum diagrams are the best language for Quantum Mechanics since they show not only a final result but also the physical process which leads to the result. The quantum correlation at a distance better known as the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen…

General Physics · Physics 2017-01-03 S. V. Gantsevich

We consider the quantum correlations, i.e. the entanglement, between two systems uniformly accelerated with identical acceleration a in opposite Rindler quadrants which have reached thermal equilibrium with the Unruh heat bath. To this end…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Serge Massar , Philippe Spindel

Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen discussed their paradox in terms of measuring the positions or momenta of two particles. These degrees of freedom can become entangled upon scattering, but how much entanglement can be created in this process?…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Yimeng Wang , Christiane P. Koch

Characterizing entanglement is central for quantum information science. Special observables which indicate entanglement, so-called entanglement witnesses, are a widely used tool for this task. The construction of these witnesses typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Chengjie Zhang , Sophia Denker , Ali Asadian , Otfried Gühne

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen nonlocality puzzle has been recognized as one of the most important unresolved issues in the foundational aspects of quantum mechanics. We show that the problem is resolved if the quantum correlations are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 C. S. Unnikrishnan

Entanglement detection is essential in quantum information science and quantum many-body physics. It has been proved that entanglement exists almost surely for a random quantum state, while the realizations of effective entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-02 Pengyu Liu , Zhenhuan Liu , Shu Chen , Xiongfeng Ma

These two accompanying papers treat two mode entanglement for systems of identical massive bosons and the relationship to spin squeezing and other quantum correlation effects. Entanglement is a key quantum feature of composite systems where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-07 Bryan Dalton , John Goold , Barry Garraway , Margaret Reid

A sufficient condition for entanglement in two-mode continuous systems is constructed based on interference visibility and the uncertainty of the total particle number. The observables to be measured (particle numbers and particle number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Geza Toth , Christoph Simon , Juan Ignacio Cirac

The detection of entanglement provides a definitive proof of quantumness. Its ascertainment might be challenging for hot or macroscopic objects, where entanglement is typically weak, but nevertheless present. Here we propose a platform for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Tanjung Krisnanda , Tomasz Paterek , Mauro Paternostro , Timothy C. H. Liew

We present a method to estimate entanglement measures in experiments. We show how a lower bound on a generic entanglement measure can be derived from the measured expectation values of any finite collection of entanglement witnesses. Hence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 O. Gühne , M. Reimpell , R. F. Werner