Related papers: Root Separation for Trinomials

We reveal a complexity chasm, separating the trinomial and tetranomial cases, for solving univariate sparse polynomial equations over certain local fields. First, for any fixed field $K\in\{\mathbb{Q}_2,\mathbb{Q}_3,\mathbb{Q}_5,\ldots\}$,…

We consider the problem of isolating the real roots of a square-free polynomial with integer coefficients using (variants of) the continued fraction algorithm (CF). We introduce a novel way to compute a lower bound on the positive real…

We detail an algorithm that -- for all but a $\frac{1}{\Omega(\log(dH))}$ fraction of $f\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ with exactly $3$ monomial terms, degree $d$, and all coefficients in $\{-H,\ldots, H\}$ -- produces an approximate root (in the sense…

We show that univariate trinomials $x^n + ax^s + b \in \mathbb{F}_q[x]$ can have at most $\delta \Big\lfloor \frac{1}{2} +\sqrt{\frac{q-1}{\delta}} \Big\rfloor$ distinct roots in $\mathbb{F}_q$, where $\delta = \gcd(n, s, q - 1)$. We also…

This article provides a simple trigonometric method for determining how many roots of a quartic equation are real and how many are complex, without solving the equation. The approach replaces the quartic's classical discriminant -- a…

We introduce a new approach to isolate the real roots of a square-free polynomial $F=\sum_{i=0}^n A_i x^i$ with real coefficients. It is assumed that each coefficient of $F$ can be approximated to any specified error bound. The presented…

For any fixed field $K\!\in\!\{\mathbb{Q}_2,\mathbb{Q}_3,\mathbb{Q}_5, \ldots\}$, we prove that all polynomials $f\!\in\!\mathbb{Z}[x]$ with exactly $3$ (resp. $2$) monomial terms, degree $d$, and all coefficients having absolute value at…

For an odd prime $p$, we say $f(X) \in {\mathbb F}_p[X]$ computes square roots in $\mathbb F_p$ if, for all nonzero perfect squares $a \in \mathbb F_p$, we have $f(a)^2 = a$. When $p \equiv 3 \mod 4$, it is well known that $f(X) =…

We give an algorithm for computing all roots of polynomials over a univariate power series ring over an exact field $\mathbb{K}$. More precisely, given a precision $d$, and a polynomial $Q$ whose coefficients are power series in $x$, the…

The well-known mathematical instrument for detection common roots for pairs of polynomials and multiple roots of polynomials are resultants and discriminants. For a pair of polynomials $f$ and $g$ their resultant $R(f,g)$ is a function of…

We establish asymptotic upper bounds on the number of zeros modulo $p$ of certain polynomials with integer coefficients, with $p$ prime numbers arbitrarily large. The polynomials we consider have degree of size $p$ and are obtained by…

For certain polynomials we relate the number of roots inside the unit circle with the index of a non-degenerate isolated umbilic point on a real analytic surface in Euclidean 3-space. In particular, for $N>0$ we prove that for a certain…

We present algorithmic, complexity and implementation results for the problem of isolating the real roots of a univariate polynomial in $B_{\alpha} \in L[y]$, where $L=\QQ(\alpha)$ is a simple algebraic extension of the rational numbers. We…

We address univariate root isolation when the polynomial's coefficients are in a multiple field extension. We consider a polynomial $F \in L[Y]$, where $L$ is a multiple algebraic extension of $\mathbb{Q}$. We provide aggregate bounds for…

We show that if a real trigonometric polynomial has few real roots, then the trigonometric polynomial obtained by writing the coefficients in reverse order must have many real roots. This is used to show that a class of random trigonometric…

We show that deciding whether a sparse univariate polynomial has a p-adic rational root can be done in NP for most inputs. We also prove a polynomial-time upper bound for trinomials with suitably generic p-adic Newton polygon. We thus…

The polynomials with quaternion coefficients have two kind of roots: isolated and spherical. A spherical root generates a class of roots which contains only one complex number $z$ and its conjugate $\bar{z}$, and this class can be…

For a $t$-nomial $f(x) = \sum_{i = 1}^t c_i x^{a_i} \in \mathbb{F}_q[x]$, we show that the number of distinct, nonzero roots of $f$ is bounded above by $2 (q-1)^{1-\varepsilon} C^\varepsilon$, where $\varepsilon = 1/(t-1)$ and $C$ is the…

We prove that any pair of bivariate trinomials has at most 5 isolated roots in the positive quadrant. The best previous upper bounds independent of the polynomial degrees were much larger, e.g., 248832 (for just the non-degenerate roots)…

We give a bound for the number of real solutions to systems of n polynomials in n variables, where the monomials appearing in different polynomials are distinct. This bound is smaller than the fewnomial bound if this structure of the…