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The problem of demonstrating entanglement is central to quantum information processing applications. Resorting to standard entanglement witnesses requires one to perfectly trust the implementation of the measurements to be performed on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-12 Cyril Branciard , Denis Rosset , Yeong-Cherng Liang , Nicolas Gisin

Entanglement in a quantum system can be demonstrated experimentally by performing the measurements prescribed by an appropriate entanglement witness. However, the unavoidable mismatch between the implementation of measurements in practical…

Entanglement, the essential resource in quantum information processing, should be witnessed in many tasks such as quantum computing and quantum communication. The conventional entanglement witness method, relying on an idealized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 Ping Xu , Xiao Yuan , Luo-Kan Chen , He Lu , Xing-Can Yao , Xiongfeng Ma , Yu-Ao Chen , Jian-Wei Pan

Imperfections in experimental measurement schemes can lead to falsely identifying, or over estimating, entanglement in a quantum system. A recent solution to this is to define schemes that are robust to measurement imperfections -…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-18 E. Verbanis , A. Martin , D. Rosset , C. C. W. Lim , R. T. Thew , H. Zbinden

Detection of entanglement in quantum networks consisting of many parties is one of the important steps towards building quantum communication and computation networks. We consider a scenario where the measurement devices used for this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-03 Ivan Šupić , Paul Skrzypczyk , Daniel Cavalcanti

Witnessing entanglement is crucial in quantum information processing. With properly preparing ancillary states, it has been shown previously that genuine entanglement can be witnessed without trusting measurement devices. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-28 Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan , Xiongfeng Ma

We present a method to certify the entanglement of all bipartite entangled quantum states in a device-independent way. This is achieved by placing the state in a quantum network and constructing a correlation inequality based on an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-04 Joseph Bowles , Ivan Šupić , Daniel Cavalcanti , Antonio Acín

Entanglement witnesses provide tools to detect entanglement in experimental situations without the need of having full tomographic knowledge about the state. If one estimates in an experiment an expectation value smaller than zero, one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-28 Jens Eisert , Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Koenraad M. R. Audenaert

Fully connected quantum networks enable scalable quantum communication, yet reliable entanglement characterization without trusting measurement devices remains challenging. Here we experimentally demonstrate measurement-device-independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Lu Liu , Ling-Xuan Kong , Ze-Yang Lu , Xu-Jie Peng , Xiao-Xu Fang , He Lu

Experimental demonstration of entanglement needs to have a precise control of experimentalist over the system on which the measurements are performed as prescribed by an appropriate entanglement witness. To avoid such trust problem,…

Entanglement witnesses form an effective method to locally detect entanglement in the laboratory without having the prior knowledge of the full density matrix. However, separable states can be erroneously indicated as entangled in such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Kornikar Sen , Chirag Srivastava , Shiladitya Mal , Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen

Entanglement, a critical resource for quantum information processing, needs to be witnessed in many practical scenarios. Theoretically, witnessing entanglement is by measuring a special Hermitian observable, called entanglement witness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-20 Xiao Yuan , Quanxin Mei , Shan Zhou , Xiongfeng Ma

Measurement-device-independent entanglement witnesses (MDI-EWs) enable the detection of entanglement without relying on characterized measurements. However, the entanglement criteria for MDI-EWs typically assume the idealized condition that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Xing-Chen Guo , Mao-Sheng Li

Entanglement witnesses are one of the most effective methods to detect entanglement. It is known that nonlinear entanglement witnesses provide better entanglement detection than their linear counterparts, in that the former detect a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Kornikar Sen , Chirag Srivastava , Ujjwal Sen

In quantum information theory, the reliable and effective detection of entanglement is of paramount importance. However, given an unknown state, assessing its entanglement is a challenging task. To attack this problem, we investigate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-09 Jochen Szangolies , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Verification of entanglement is an important tool to characterize sources and devices for use in quantum computing and communication applications. In a vast majority of experiments entanglement witnesses (EW) are used in order to prove the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-02 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Oleg Gittsovich , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Entanglement is an important resource that allows quantum technologies to go beyond the classically possible. There are many ways quantum systems can be entangled, ranging from the archetypal two-qubit case to more exotic scenarios of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-27 Nicolai Friis , Giuseppe Vitagliano , Mehul Malik , Marcus Huber

We consider the characterization of entanglement depth in a quantum many-body system from the device-independent perspective; i.e., certifying how many particles are genuinely entangled without relying on assumptions on the system itself…

Entanglement is one of the most prominent features of quantum mechanics and serves as an essential resource in quantum information science. Therefore, the certification of entanglement is crucial for quantum information processing tasks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Jing-Tao Qiu , Wei-Jie Jiang , Xiao-Dong Yu

Genuine multipartite entanglement represents the strongest type of entanglement, which is an essential resource for quantum information processing. Standard methods to detect genuine multipartite entanglement, e.g., entanglement witnesses,…

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