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Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture that has been designed to address the vanishing and exploding gradient problems of conventional RNNs. Unlike feedforward neural networks, RNNs have cyclic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-02-06 Haşim Sak , Andrew Senior , Françoise Beaufays

The Transformer architecture has shown significant success in many language processing and visual tasks. However, the method faces challenges in efficiently scaling to long sequences because the self-attention computation is quadratic with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Edison Mucllari , Zachary Daniels , David Zhang , Qiang Ye

We investigate the computational complexity of various problems for simple recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as formal models for recognizing weighted languages. We focus on the single-layer, ReLU-activation, rational-weight RNNs with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Yining Chen , Sorcha Gilroy , Andreas Maletti , Jonathan May , Kevin Knight

Short-term traffic flow prediction is one of the crucial issues in intelligent transportation system, which is an important part of smart cities. Accurate predictions can enable both the drivers and the passengers to make better decisions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Alireza Nejadettehad , Hamid Mahini , Behnam Bahrak

In recent years, deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated significant business impact in large scale analysis and classification tasks such as speech recognition, visual object detection, pattern extraction, etc. Training of large DNNs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Tayfun Gokmen , Yurii Vlasov

Structured state space sequence (S4) models have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance on long-range sequence modeling tasks. These models also have fast inference speeds and parallelisable training, making them potentially useful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Chris Lu , Yannick Schroecker , Albert Gu , Emilio Parisotto , Jakob Foerster , Satinder Singh , Feryal Behbahani

Multilayer Perceptrons struggle to learn certain simple arithmetic tasks. Specialist neural modules for arithmetic can outperform classical architectures with gains in extrapolation, interpretability and convergence speeds, but are highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Bhumika Mistry , Katayoun Farrahi , Jonathon Hare

Reduction of training time is an important issue in many tasks like patent translation involving neural networks. Data parallelism and model parallelism are two common approaches for reducing training time using multiple graphics processing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Junya Ono , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita

We introduce MinConvLSTM and MinConvGRU, two novel spatiotemporal models that combine the spatial inductive biases of convolutional recurrent networks with the training efficiency of minimal, parallelizable RNNs. Our approach extends the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Coşku Can Horuz , Sebastian Otte , Martin V. Butz , Matthias Karlbauer

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) have been successfully applied to various sequential decision-making tasks, natural language processing applications, and time-series predictions. Such networks are usually trained through back-propagation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Julia El Zini , Yara Rizk , Mariette Awad

Objective: To allow efficient learning using the Recurrent Inference Machine (RIM) for image reconstruction whereas not being strictly dependent on the training data distribution so that unseen modalities and pathologies are still…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Dimitrios Karkalousos , Kai Lønning , Hanneke E. Hulst , Serge O. Dumoulin , Jan-Jakob Sonke , Frans M. Vos , Matthan W. A. Caan

Lookup table (LUT) has shown its efficacy in low-level vision tasks due to the valuable characteristics of low computational cost and hardware independence. However, recent attempts to address the problem of single image super-resolution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-16 Cheng Ma , Jingyi Zhang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

When tasks change over time, meta-transfer learning seeks to improve the efficiency of learning a new task via both meta-learning and transfer-learning. While the standard attention has been effective in a variety of settings, we question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Jaesik Yoon , Gautam Singh , Sungjin Ahn

The concepts of unitary evolution matrices and associative memory have boosted the field of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to state-of-the-art performance in a variety of sequential tasks. However, RNN still have a limited capacity to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Rumen Dangovski , Li Jing , Marin Soljacic

Transformer encoders are widely deployed in large-scale web services for natural language understanding tasks such as text classification, semantic retrieval, and content ranking. However, their high inference latency and memory consumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zeli Su , Ziyin Zhang , Wenzheng Zhang , Zhou Liu , Guixian Xu , Wentao Zhang

Transformers have revolutionized almost all natural language processing (NLP) tasks but suffer from memory and computational complexity that scales quadratically with sequence length. In contrast, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) exhibit…

This is part III of three-part work. In parts I and II, we have presented eight variants for simplified Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNNs). It is noted that fast computation, specially in constrained computing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Atra Akandeh , Fathi M. Salem

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are valued for their computational efficiency and reduced memory requirements on tasks involving long sequence lengths but require high memory-processor bandwidth to train. Checkpointing techniques can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Wadjih Bencheikh , Jan Finkbeiner , Emre Neftci

Residual units are wildly used for alleviating optimization difficulties when building deep neural networks. However, the performance gain does not well compensate the model size increase, indicating low parameter efficiency in these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Chen Yunpeng , Jin Xiaojie , Kang Bingyi , Feng Jiashi , Yan Shuicheng

Recently, self-normalizing neural networks (SNNs) have been proposed with the intention to avoid batch or weight normalization. The key step in SNNs is to properly scale the exponential linear unit (referred to as SELU) to inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-30 G. Zhang , H. Li