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Related papers: Causality-Aided Falsification

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The argument sufficiency assessment task aims to determine if the premises of a given argument support its conclusion. To tackle this task, existing works often train a classifier on data annotated by humans. However, annotating data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Xiao Liu , Yansong Feng , Kai-Wei Chang

Model checking is usually based on a comprehensive traversal of the state space. Causality-based model checking is a radically different approach that instead analyzes the cause-effect relationships in a program. We give an overview on a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Bernd Finkbeiner , Andrey Kupriyanov

Bayesian methods are useful for statistical inference. However, real-world problems can be challenging using Bayesian methods when the data analyst has only limited prior knowledge. In this paper we consider a class of problems, called…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-20 Yixuan Qiu , Lingsong Zhang , Chuanhai Liu

Understanding the uncertainty of a neural network's (NN) predictions is essential for many purposes. The Bayesian framework provides a principled approach to this, however applying it to NNs is challenging due to large numbers of parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-27 Tim Pearce , Felix Leibfried , Alexandra Brintrup , Mohamed Zaki , Andy Neely

It is evidence that representation learning can improve model's performance over multiple downstream tasks in many real-world scenarios, such as image classification and recommender systems. Existing learning approaches rely on establishing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Mengyue Yang , Xinyu Cai , Furui Liu , Xu Chen , Zhitang Chen , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang

Discovery of an accurate causal Bayesian network structure from observational data can be useful in many areas of science. Often the discoveries are made under uncertainty, which can be expressed as probabilities. To guide the use of such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-27 Fattaneh Jabbari , Mahdi Pakdaman Naeini , Gregory F. Cooper

We are concerned with the problem of introducing credibility type information into reasoning systems. The concept of credibility allows us to discount information provided by agents. An important characteristic of this kind of procedure is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Ronald R. Yager

This paper introduces and reviews some of the principles and methods used in Bayesian reliability. It specifically discusses methods used in the analysis of success/no-success data and then reminds the reader of a simple Monte Carlo…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-10 Carsten H. Botts

Safe and reliable disclosure of information from confidential data is a challenging statistical problem. A common approach considers the generation of synthetic data, to be disclosed instead of the original data. Efficient approaches ought…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-04 Larissa N. A. Martins , Flávio B. Gonçalves , Thais P. Galletti

We offer a graphical interpretation of unfairness in a dataset as the presence of an unfair causal path in the causal Bayesian network representing the data-generation mechanism. We use this viewpoint to revisit the recent debate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-16 Silvia Chiappa , William S. Isaac

We propose a computational framework to quantify (measure) and to optimize the reliability of complex systems. The approach uses a graph representation of the system that is subject to random failures of its components (nodes and edges).…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-25 Joshua L. Pulsipher , Victor M. Zavala

For any pair $(X,Z)$ of correlated random variables we can think of $Z$ as a randomized function of $X$. Provided that $Z$ is short, one can make this function computationally efficient by allowing it to be only approximately correct. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Maciej Skorski

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for evaluating the effects of changes to real-world systems. Data in these tests may be difficult to collect and outcomes may have high variance, resulting in potentially large measurement error.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-27 Benjamin Letham , Brian Karrer , Guilherme Ottoni , Eytan Bakshy

Citation count of a paper is a commonly used proxy for evaluating the significance of a paper in the scientific community. Yet citation measures are widely criticized for failing to accurately reflect the true impact of a paper. Thus, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Ishan Kumar , Zhijing Jin , Ehsan Mokhtarian , Siyuan Guo , Yuen Chen , Mrinmaya Sachan , Bernhard Schölkopf

The ability to perform causal and counterfactual reasoning are central properties of human intelligence. Decision-making systems that can perform these types of reasoning have the potential to be more generalizable and interpretable.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Daniel McDuff , Yale Song , Jiyoung Lee , Vibhav Vineet , Sai Vemprala , Nicholas Gyde , Hadi Salman , Shuang Ma , Kwanghoon Sohn , Ashish Kapoor

Randomized experiments have become a cornerstone of evidence-based decision-making in contexts ranging from online platforms to public health. However, in experimental settings with network interference, a unit's treatment can influence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Sadegh Shirani , Yuwei Luo , William Overman , Ruoxuan Xiong , Mohsen Bayati

Recommender systems are important and powerful tools for various personalized services. Traditionally, these systems use data mining and machine learning techniques to make recommendations based on correlations found in the data. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Shuyuan Xu , Jianchao Ji , Yunqi Li , Yingqiang Ge , Juntao Tan , Yongfeng Zhang

Many statistical problems in causal inference involve a probability distribution other than the one from which data are actually observed; as an additional complication, the object of interest is often a marginal quantity of this other…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-24 Robin J. Evans , Vanessa Didelez

Many decisions in healthcare, business, and other policy domains are made without the support of rigorous evidence due to the cost and complexity of performing randomized experiments. Using observational data to answer causal questions is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-02 Alejandro Schuler , Ken Jung , Robert Tibshirani , Trevor Hastie , Nigam Shah

When an image classifier outputs a wrong class label, it can be helpful to see what changes in the image would lead to a correct classification. This is the aim of algorithms generating counterfactual explanations. However, there is no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Benedikt Höltgen , Lisa Schut , Jan M. Brauner , Yarin Gal